Volume II Issue X

Interaction helps us to understand what is going on in the interaction between user and system. They address the translations between what the user wants and what the system does. The interaction takes place within a social and organizational context that affects both user and system. We are working on topic in which we can explain the though process of a person what exactly a person is thinking at a particular time, this research topic is very new in its area, if results come favorable than it will be a new revolution. Attention to human-machine interaction is important because poorly designed human-machine interfaces can lead to many unexpected problems. Accidents in aviation have resulted from manufacturers' decisions to use non-standard flight instrument and/or throttle quadrant layouts: even though the new designs were proposed to be superior in regards to basic human–machine interaction, pilots had already ingrained the "standard" layout and thus the conceptually good idea actually had undesirable result, about half of work has been completed and within next two year, this will be a great revolution in field of Computer Science. Page(s): 01-02 Date of Publication: October 2013

Executing software configuration management (SCM) in an organization lifts a variety of integration troubles. Every software configuration management system understands an exact Software configuration management model. For an organization, adopting a precise software configuration management model through the acquirer of a software configuration management system means to acclimatize the software process such that the model fits in. Additionally, adopting a software configuration management model is enduring commitment as the current software configuration management model does not integrate well with each other. Other integration harms happen in the software development environment, where obtainable tools must be unlimited to access software configuration management items. Page(s): 03-11 Date of Publication: October 2013

Ad-hoc networks are characterized by a lack of infrastructure, and by a random and quickly changing network topology; thus the need for a robust dynamic routing protocol that can accommodate such an environment. Consequently, many routing algorithms have come in to existence to satisfy the needs of communications in such networks. This project work presents a performance comparison between two categories of routing protocols, table-driven (Proactive) and on-demand (Reactive) routing protocols, this two categories were illustrated by using two different examples of routing protocols, first example is DSDV (Destination Sequenced Distance-Vector) from the Proactive family and the second example is AODV (Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) from the Reactive family. Both protocols were simulated by using NS-2 (network simulator-2) package. Both routing protocols were compared in terms of average throughput (packets delivery ratio) and packet loss ratio, while varying number of nodes and by using the Trace file. Although DSDV perfectly scales to small networks with low node speeds, AODV is preferred due to its more efficient use of bandwidth. Page(s): 12-21 Date of Publication: October 2013

Today Biology is playing an significant role in the todays scientific advancement on human body solutions. For example Finger print reader and eye scanners. It provides basis for more scientific solutions for recognition of human identity. In today’s era biotechnology identifies a lot more detailed research in the field of biological hand shake with Technology. In this paper we describe how biological Identification leads to secure voting system in India or anywhere else in the world. Keywords: Biometric Identification, voting system Private Cloud, UID Page(s): 22-29 Date of Publication: October 2013

A Mobile-Ad-Hoc-Network (MANET) is a collection of wireless nodes that can be set up dynamically anywhere and anytime without using any pre-existing network infrastructure. Nodes within each other’s radio range communicate directly via wireless links, while those that are far apart use other nodes as relays in a multi-hop routing fashion. Traditionally Ad-Hoc routing protocols are typically used to deal with the dynamic nature of these networks, which is mainly due to mobility. These protocols typically suffer from a number of shortcomings, such as high routing over head and limited scalability. This motivates the work presented in this paper, which provides a comparison of AODV and DSR protocols in Mobile-Ad-Hoc-Network where mobile clients are connected to the wireless network and they are varying with a constant speed .Based on extensive simulations; we present a comparative analysis covering performance metrics such as PDF, Average End-to End Delay, and Packet Loss in 1. Deferent scenario in all these cases AODV is best result compare to DSR Page(s): 30-34 Date of Publication: October 2013

The IP-based virtual private network (VPN) is rapidly becoming the foundation for the delivery of New World services, and many service providers are offering value-added applications on top of their VPN transport networks. Emerging services such as e-commerce, application hosting, and multimedia applications will enable service providers to generate new incremental revenue and maintain long-term competitive advantage. Two unique and complementary VPN architectures based on IP Security (IPsec) and Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) technologies are emerging to form the predominant foundations for delivery of New World services. This white paper examines these two VPN architectures, their similarities and differences, and the benefits they offer. It concludes with a unified view of IP VPNs that combine both IPsec and MPLS based on their respective strengths. Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is an emerging technology which ensures the reliable delivery of the Internet services with high transmission speed and lower delays. The key feature of MPLS is its Traffic Engineering (TE) which is used for effectively managing the networks for efficient utilization of network resources. Due to lower network delay, efficient forwarding mechanism, scalability and predictable performance of the services provided by MPLS technology makes it more suitable for implementing real-time applications such as Voice and video. Page(s): 35-42 Date of Publication: October 2013

Biodiesel is non-toxic, biodegradable, produced from renewable sources and contributes a minimal amount of net greenhouse gases, such as CO2, SO2 and NO emissions to the atmosphere. The study was carried out to produce biodiesel from waste/recycled oils to reduce the cost of biodiesel, waste and pollution. Some important variables such as volumetric ratio, types of reactants and catalytic activities were selected to obtain a high quality biodiesel fuel within the specifications of the American Standard for Biodiesel Testing Method (ASTM D 6751) and European Norm (EN 14214). The highest biodiesel yield was obtained (71.2%) under the conditions of 1:1 volumetric oil-to-methanol weight ratio, 0.5% NaOH catalyst at 50°C reaction temperature and 320 rpm stirring speed. The results showed that biodiesel produced from different oil to methanol ratios, alcohol types and shaking time exhibited considerable differences. There was also a considerable difference of biodiesel yield produced by using methanol, ethanol and 1-butanol. The biodiesel yield increased in the order of 1-butanol ❮ ethanol ❮ methanol. There was a little difference in viscosity, acid value and chemical elements (Fe, Mg, Ca, Na, P etc.) at different parameters. Page(s): 43-52 Date of Publication: October 2013

This paper presents the behavioral design and the function characteristics of a general purpose RISC processor. The RISC processor design is based on the study and evaluation of a variety of assembly instruction sets. The designed RISC processor is a pipeline RISC processor with 5 stages of pipelining. A variety of instructions have been implemented for the proposed design and care has been taken to provide a control mechanism for structural, data and timing hazards. The processor‟s architecture features 8 internal general-purpose registers, 16 bit instruction words, each of which can hold a 16 external address lines and 16 bit data word, to external memory. The entire processor was modeled as a bottom up approach in the design methodology. The design has been done in VHDL and synthesized using hardware tool Xilinx 13.1. The features of this processor include 16-bit architecture and multi-cycle implementation of the data path. The design has been done at the behavioral levels of VHDL. A number of MIPS instruction set have been implemented. The individual components were analyzed, designed, synthesized and tested at each level of implementation. Finally the individual components integrated in a top-level simulation by appropriate port mapping. Page(s): 53-60 Date of Publication: October 2013

In image classification, an image is classified according to its visual content. An important application is image retrieval-searching through an image dataset to obtain those images with particular visual content. The SVM is a powerful technique for remote sensing image classification. In this paper, we propose a simple procedure or a function which is usually gives a reasonable results. The main goal of this paper includes: 1. Train a visual classifier for different image classes 2. Achieve the performance of the classifier 3. Visual content used for Mapping (feature in image) 4. Obtain the train image data. The SVM is to produce a model (based on the training data) which predicts the target values of the test data given only the test data attributes. Note that this SVM approach guide to achieve the highest accuracy. Also, we intent to solve challenging or difficult problems in remote sensing image data sets. Page(s): 61-67 Date of Publication: October 2013

For identification of a particular human being signatures prove to be an important biometric. The signature of a person is an important biometric attribute of a human being which can be used to authenticate human identity. However human signatures can be handled as an image and recognized using computer vision and neural network techniques. With modern computers, there is need to develop fast algorithms for signature recognition. There are various approaches to signature recognition with a lot of scope of research. In this paper, off-line signature recognition & verification using neural network is proposed, where the signature is captured and presented to the user in an image format. Signatures are verified based on parameters extracted from the signature using various image processing techniques. This paper evolutes the performance of signature verification technique based on the angle, energy and chain code feature of signature. Page(s): 68-73 Date of Publication: October 2013

Network coding is a relatively new concept that originated from information theory. In the recent past, a number of eye opening work have been conducted along the directions of applying this new tool for both (a) attacking classic computer science problems (e.g., Steiner trees, matrix rank computation) and (b) defining new fields of research (e.g., network error correction, optimal information network design). However, few opportunities exist for experts from the fields of information theory and computer science to meet in a common room, to involve in an in-depth dialog on the subject of profound interest to both of them --- network coding. This workshop is intended to serve as such a unique venue. Ad hoc network typically refers to any set of networks where all devices have equal status on a network and are free to associate with any other ad hoc network device in link range. ad hoc network often refers to a mode of operation of IEEE 802.11 wireless networks. it also refers to a network device's ability to maintain link status information for any number of devices in a 1-link (aka "hop") range, and thus, this is most often a layer 2 activity. Page(s): 74-78 Date of Publication: October 2013