Volume VI Issue VI

This paper presents a nonlinear directional coupler for optical power switching. The theoretical study has been done to study the coupling characteristics of the nonlinear directional coupler. Variation of the coupling coefficients with wavelength have been done, and found that, out of all four coupling coefficients, nonlinear coupling coefficient (equivalent to self-phase modulation) decreases with the wavelength. The wavelength dependency of the critical power is studied. We have study the variation of coupling coefficients with the width of waveguide and realized that single mode waveguide with smaller core width have lower critical power. Here, we have proposed a noble design of NLDC with asymmetric waveguide along the length with lower critical power as compare to the symmetric waveguide directional coupler.

This study aimed to determining the pollution and contamination of fishing harbor environment. Temperature (3.12, 1.874, 1.04, 1.25 oC), Salinity (2.05, 2.50, 2.49, 2.52 ppt.), pH (0.08, 0.10, 0.04, 0.06), Dissolved oxygen (0.56, 0.52, 0.53, 0.37 ml/l), Total Nitrogen (0.05, 0.11, 0.19, 0.07 µg/g), Total phosphorous (0.03, 0.03, 0.09, 0.06 µg/g), Total organic carbon (1.16, 0.26, 0.87, 0.63 mg/g); Soil texture viz. Sand (0.83, 0.99, 1.57, 2.28 %), Silt (0.60, 1.26, 1.58, 1.44 %), Clay (0.43, 0.47, 0.23, 1.36 %); Heavy metals are Cadmium (5.86, 3.58, 5.67, 0.05 µg/g), Copper (10.39, 54.74, 56.81, 15.98 µg/g), Lead (8.63, 9.05, 7.58, 5.88 µg/g), Nickel (28.86, 34.20, 23.56, 5.48 µg/g), Zinc (44.18, 48.19, 57.16, 52.56 µg/g), Chromium (28.06, 55.25, 38.23, 12.55 µg/g), Mercury (20.61, 22.99, 12.50, 7.37 µg/g) at st.1,2,3,4 respectively. Benthic faunal density ranged between 602 and 2988 nos. /m2 with Shannon–Wiener index (H’) ranged 2.03 - 3.5, evenness (J’) 0.79 - 0.98, richness (d’) 1.24 - 6.49. According to these estimations point calimar (Station. 4) contains less pollution contamination than other stations; indicated by rich density and diversity of benthic fauna occurrence in this station. .

Corporate Social Responsibility is the universal topic of these days as the exploiting Organizations have a consideration on the globe they use for their business. Companies in western countries do have procedural norms and policy frameworks to deal with the CSR activities, but in countries like India, though there is legal provision to perform CSR activities, many companies do violate and escalate their CSR expenditure. And hence an initiation is emphasized by the researcher to have an in-depth study on the effectiveness of CSR activities by the eligible IT companies. Though CSR has been practiced in most of the Organizations, there is not much information on to what extent that is being carried out. Even though, clause 135 schedule VII of Company Bill 2013, makes the organizations that are registered under the companies law or any previous laws (Section 1) of (Section-135) having net worth of rupees 500 crore or more or Turnover of rupees 1000 Crs or more or Net profit of rupees 5 crore or more during any financial year to adopt the corporate social responsibility mandatorily and they have to at least spend 2% of its average net profit made during the three immediately preceding financial years on CSR still there is question of to what extent this has been implemented. This study is mainly focus on the actual theoretical framework of CSR activities happening in the select companies. This also would form the research base for the future research to study the wealth maximization of companies through their CSR activities. The study also works on understanding whether restructuring of corporate strategies happen as per the CSR efforts put up and the impact of CSR efforts and its relevance with competitive advantage of the organizations towards sustainability.

Entrepreneurial development programme is a comprehensive programme which lays emphasis on the development of entrepreneurs so that industry can be developed. EDP’s are conducted with a thinking that individuals can be developed. Their viewpoint can be changed. Traditional thinking was that only those people can become successful entrepreneurs who have business family background, has taken the form in new thinking that only that person can become successful entrepreneur who has acquired capabilities through knowledge and experience. Such experience and knowledge can be gained only through proper EDP’s. This paper attempts to focus on how EDP’s help in the development of entrepreneur and thus entrepreneurship, which organizations work in this direction and what weaknesses are there in present EDP’s and how it can be removed to give momentum to the development of entrepreneurship.

Expander machine is used to expand L-SAW and spiral welded pipes. Mechanical expander is used to expand pipes mechanically while hydro tester unit after that is used to hydro test pipes. Now a days technology is changing and people are always wish to save their cost of production, time, space and human power involvement. By combining mechanical expander and hydro tester unit of pipe manufacturing plant, one can easily achieve benefits of both. This paper is based on the combination of two machines of pipe manufacturing to increase the profit. Few pipe manufacturing plant have seen these benefits and have already implemented It [1].

OpenStack is one of the most used cloud management software today. OpenStack is a free and open-source software platform for cloud computing, mostly deployed as an infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS). We have selected OpenStack as one of the underlying infrastructure service layer tool because OpenStack allows us to modify our cloud to fit into custom infrastructures that may be necessary for scientific research. Keystone is the key component of OpenStack responsible for authentication and authorization. As the distributed nature of OpenStack services, Keystone plays a major role in binding all of the projects together. Not only do we have to be wary of the services that connect to Keystone but also have to be cautious of the kinds of input and data we give to Keystone from the external sources. The security and protection of the identity and token repository for OpenStack needs to be the most protected component within cloud infrastructure. As the threat surface in cloud changes constantly, security is one of the biggest concerns for any cloud solutions. Deploying the open source cloud raises additional challenges since the intruders have access to the cloud source code and can assess its vulnerabilities. In this paper, we systematically analyze the security aspects of the OpenStack keystone and explore the threat model against, and security requirements of, OpenStack keystone. We then propose a new authentication model using the RESTful API to satisfy the security needs of OpenStack Keystone. The proposed authentication model can accommodate a diverse set of security services.

Sorting is the basic operation in most of the applications of computer science. Sorting means to arrange data in particular order inside computer. In this paper we have discussed performance of different sorting algorithms with their advantages and disadvantages. This paper also represents the application areas for different sorting algorithms. Main goal of this paper is to compare the performance of different sorting algorithms based on different parameters.

An ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) is commonly used to help subjects with weakness of ankle dorsiflexor muscles due to peripheral or central nervous system disorders. Patients having ankle joint disability often suffers from foot drop. This work presents an active ankle-foot orthosis (AAFO) that was designed to allow two degree-of-freedom motion while serving to maintain proper foot position for patients with lower limb disorder. . In this study, an active ankle-foot orthosis (AAFO) is developed which can control the dorsi/ plantarflexion of the ankle joint to prevent foot drop and toe drag during walking. To prevent slapping foot after heel strike, ankle joint has to be controlled actively to minimize forefoot collision with the ground. In the late stance, ankle joint also has to be controlled to provide the toe clearance and help the push-off. The goal of the present work is to design an exoskeleton structure using the available human modelling data.. The trajectory of the ankle joint is planned using two via points. The foot sole will be provided with a flexible layer at the bottom to help reduce the torque requirements of the actuator, since it is observed that foot returns some of the energy given to it by the actuator itself.

This paper is concerned with transient thermoelastic problem in which we need to determine the temperature distribution, displacement function and thermal stresses of a semi-infinite circular beam when the boundary conditions are known. Integral transform techniques are used to obtain the solution of the problem.

With the depletion of layer the earth become vulnerable for exposure of harmful UV radiations. The harmful UV rays reduce the effectiveness of folic acid supplementation by 20% with pregnant women. Hence, clothing with inherent property of UV protection is envisaged. In this paper, the UV protection characteristics of bamboo material blended with cotton, polyester and modal are investigated at three levels of fibre ratio. The test results showed that bamboo/modal blends are significantly better than bamboo/cotton and bamboo/polyester fabrics.

Aluminium alloys are promptly replacing others conventional material for fabrication of automotive parts & structural components. Welding of Aluminium alloys have always been a challenge due to their poor weldability. Conventional fusion welding techniques have limitation of joining Aluminium alloys due to defects like depletion of alloying elements, porosity, blow holes, pin holes etc. Friction stir welding has become a alternative to the fusion welding as weld produce is free from all defects present in fusion welding. This study reviews the fabrication of various Aluminium alloys via Friction stir welding. An attempt has been made to study the effects of various friction stir welding parameters like tool geometry, tool rotational speed, welding speed , axial force, tool tilt angle, tool plunged depth etc. on the mechanical and microstructural properties of friction stir welding joints.

In this paper, new alternative methods for simplex method, Big M method and dual simplex method are introduced. These methods are easy to solve linear programming problem. These are powerful methods. It reduces number of iterations and save valuable time.

The renewable energy sources are the alternative energy sources. There are various types of renewable energy among those wind farms are becoming important distributed renewable energy resources. Wind turbines with induction generator (IG) are the most commonly used for wind power generation. The IG consumes reactive power and also there is some disturbances in power system such as voltage variation can lead to over speeding of IG and cause voltage instability. The injection of power from wind farms employing fixed speed IG concerns power quality problem such as voltage instability, variation of voltage, flicker and harmonics. FACTS devices have the capability to increase stability limits and improve system dynamic response. This project focuses the performance of FACTS devices such as SVC and STATCOM to improve system dynamic response has been analyzed using MATLAB/SIMULINK. This analysis is performed to find out the better compensator among these FACTS devices.

This paper discusses the effect of different Strontium content on the transition of Barium Strontium Titanate solid solutions. Doping of ceramics is one way to enhance the electrical properties. BST, PZT and other ferroelectrics of interest are already studied and considered for random access memories. Shifting of curie temperature is related to the strontium content in the BST ceramic [1]. Samples were prepared for x = 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.22. Solid state reaction method is used for preparing different compositions. Pellets with diameter 8 mm using dia piston were prepared. For these pellets, the dielectric properties were observed between room temperature and 126 oC, for different Sr content. X-Ray powder diffraction study shows the structural and crystal symmetry for different strontium content. Transition of curie point, towards room temperature is observed with increasing strontium content. Low and fairly constant dielectric loss, near room temperature is observed, which is suitable for dynamic random access memory (DRAM) cell. Furthermore, composition dependent dielectric conductivity plot shows different region of conduction process. Study shows BST ceramics, with increasing Sr content are very important candidate for a wide range of applications.

Post the announcement of demonetization, the currency in circulation has declined sharply which has hit the cash dependent sectors hard. Some of the sectors which are more dependent on the cash for dealings are Real Estate, Jewelry, Automobile, etc. According to an ICRA report, the liquidity crunch following demonetisation resulted in volume compression of 11.3 per cent in the automobile industry during the period of November 2016 – January 2017 over the corresponding previous period. BS-III ban, was another move which had disturbed automobile sector. The Ban on BS-III vehicles lead a huge impact on automobile industry as the announcement was made in 2-3 days before the financial year ending; when many auto companies were left with huge inventory. Many of BS-III vehicles are sold out at heavy a discount which has affected the profit margin of the companies. The big challenge before companies was to overcome the impact of BS-III ban. In this paper an attempt is made to understand the impact of Demontisation as well as BS-III ban on Automobile industry and the companies’ ways of looking at both initiatives taken by the government to reduce the impact. Auto sales across all segments were impacted with the government decisions during third and fourth quarter. Discounts and exports were the some of the steps taken by the companies to overcome this problem.

The growing trend in power demand and efficiency requirements of modern telecommunication systems is in need of PFC converter at the front end. The presence of non-linear loads results in poor power factor. Also, there is a need to reduce the ripple present at both the input and output end of the DC to DC boost converter so as to improve the supply power factor of the system. This paper reveals a comparative study of ripple present in inductor current, output current and output voltage of three different topologies of DC-DC converters namely dc-dc boost converter, interleaved boost converter and soft switching interleaved boost converter. This paper also highlights the significance of each converter by computing the efficiency. The simulated waveforms have been demonstrated using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The performance of three different dc – dc boost converter topologies is investigated and the results are verified. The results reveal that soft switched gives a higher efficiency compared to the other topologies.

This paper is concerned with transient thermoelastic problem in which we need to determine the temperature distribution, displacement function and thermal stresses of a semi-infinite square beam when the boundary conditions are known. Integral transform techniques are used to obtain the solution of the problem.

This study presents details about experimentation with Pitcher Irrigation (PI) for growing horticulture crops performed at village Jiva of Surendranagar district of Gujarat state (India). Representative soil sample taken from the farm was tested for soil classification in accordance with IS 2720 (Part-IV) – 1985 and IS 460- 1978. The results of irrigation water quality test and soil nutrient test suggested that the electrical conductivity (EC) of the irrigation water and the soil was very high. Optimum yield is obtained when the plants of peas (Pisam Sativum) are at a distance of 9 cms and the plants of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) are at a distance of 13 cms from the corresponding pitcher’s outer wall. The size of pitchers does not significantly affect the yield. However, for maximum economic returns small pitchers having capacity of 11 litres shall be utilized. The wetting pattern was like a balloon and extended to a horizontal distance of 25 cms and to a depth of 70 cms from the ground level. The wetting front had started reducing after 120 hours and was completely gone after 9 days. In view of the observed moisture distribution under pitchers for alkaline soil with saline irrigation water some shallow rooted vegetables crops (up to 30 cm depth) such as celery, lettuce, onions, potatoes, radish, and moderately deep rooted (30-60 cm depth) vegetable crops such as broccoli, beans, cabbages, carrots, cauliflower, cucumbers, muskmelon, peppers, tomatoes, and zucchini can be grown by employing pitcher irrigation technique. The Benefit-Cost ratio from small sized pitcher irrigation was 136.82% higher than the Benefit-Cost ratio from large sized pitcher irrigation. The experimentation confirmed the fact that this indigenous method can be successfully employed even for unfavorable land and water. The cost to be incurred for adopting these methods is quite less in comparison to drip irrigation and thus can be adopted by small and medium scale farmers. The method is labor intensive. Adoption of PI at large scale requires a cistern and a pipe network for frequent filling-up of pitchers. The use of this method is more suited to small-scale irrigated agriculture. PI has no environmental impacts, is cost effective, and most importantly is also not using any electricity for its operation. Efficient water management by using this indigenous technique can offer a solution to looming water crisis world over.

Internet marketing and online shopping have opened the gates not only for big, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), it has created immense opportunities for startups of India, to market their products (both goods and services) globally. But though there is significant development of the internet technologies, internet facilities and services, still the online sale is not significant compared to the sale through retail. Hence, this study is undertaken to find the factors that will improve online sales. The literature available in the internet is reviewed to understand and find the influencing factors for online shopping. The findings are that there are two major categories of influencing factors, namely motivating and restricting factors, which affects the customers’ intension to use online shopping for purchase. Based on these findings a model has been conceptualized. In the proposed model, the construct variables are *motivating factors* and *restricting factors* and the dependent variable is *intension to buy online.*

A New multilevel inverter with reduced number of switches and unequal DC sources is presented. Compared to conventional inverter this inverter produces higher number of output levels with less number of switches and thus harmonics are reduced and the power quality is improved. The switching angles of each level in the output are determined using simple sine property to reduce the output harmonics. The simulation of 33-level asymmetrical multilevel inverter with reduced number of switches is performed using MATLAB/Simulink and the results are presented. The output voltage and current harmonic contents thus reduced are brought to the IEEE standards

RFID based systems are one of the mainly generally widen applications for tagging as well as maintain tracking purposes in IOT deployment. Confined sources of RFID programs creating the presenting of a solid and effective safety program really complicated process. The protected ECC- centered validation process to get rid of the present RFID vulnerabilities raise be apprehensive communication way among marked as well as bookworm. This paper represents the performance of ECC based encryption technique using DNA based encryption. The most important goal of this paper is to recover the computational speed.

In past few years, traffic accidents and violation of traffic rules have increased at great extant. Even in our daily life we come across many problems caused due to traffic rule violation by someone. Also when we check news and reports, we realize that accidents are one of the major problems in our country. These problem cause disturbance to entire system and also consumes our valuable time. Sometimes at railway crossing when train is at some distance railway crossing is closed and people are forced to stay at the both side of road, but some people violate the rule and try to go to other side of road by under passing railway crossing. It may results into harmful consequences of that. To prevent such incidence, in this paper we propose an idea of detecting such individual and their vehicle (particularly two wheeler) through smart electronic system. The system comprises of sensors, cameras and Raspberry Pi. When crossing is closed and someone tries to go underpass it sensors will be activated and cameras will capture the photo of that riders number plate and then after recognizing his number by OCR, we will send the number to appropriate department by text message using GSM module attached to processor of system .

Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interconnection any physical objects around us that has an on and off switch to the Internet. IoT covers a wide area and includes variety of devices like smart phones, PDAs, sensors, actuators and digital cameras. All these devices can be connected to each other to enable smart processes and services that support our basic needs, environment and health. One such service that supports basic need is making our home a Smart Home. The main objective of the project is to develop a low cost and flexible Smart Home System using an embedded web server, with IP connectivity that will provide remote control of home appliances and also provide security against any problems by using Android based Smart phone application when the home host is not at home. This proposed work is concerned with the controlling of different home appliances automatically using internet which is meant to save the electric power and human energy. The various appliances connected to the microcontroller and sensors are connected using wireless network.

An attempt is made on to understand the concept of Green banking and its issues and challenges in Indian context. Green is becoming a symbol of eco-consciousness in the world. Green banking is making technological improvements, operational improvements and changing client habits in the banking sector. Green Bank is like a normal bank, which considers all the social and environmental factors with an aim to protect the environment and conserve natural resources. It means to promote environmental friendly practices and to reduce the carbon footprint from banking operations. It is also known as ethical bank or sustainable bank. Banks should promote those products, process and technology which substantially reduce the carbon footprint from the environment. But adopting green banking in India is having many issues and challenges, which will be discussed in this paper.

Study of physicochemical parameters is important to agricultural chemists for plants growth and soil management. Organic Carbon and Organic matter showed significant variation as shown in the present study. Three different types of manure were used (cow, goat, and buffalo manure). Organic Carbon varied from 0.035% - 1.81%, while Organic matter varied from 0.06% - 3.12% among all the manure treatments.

In the last few years, deep neural networks have conquered research area in machine learning and pattern recognition. Deep learning is machine learning techniques that automatically learn hierarchical representations in deep architectures for classification. The goal is to find more important features by using neural networks. In the era of big data where for any real world application, large amount of data need to be processed, deep learning is proven to be the superior to other machine learning techniques. It is applied into the diverse area like speech recognition, natural language processing and collaborative filtering and proved to be superior to other machine learning techniques. It generates large scale neural networks that allow the machine to learn and compute by itself without any human intervention. In this paper we represent the in depth survey on deep learning and its application.

Since the invention of the wheel there is revolution of rotating machine and the operation of the process has improved. This invention brought the world closer in terms of distance and time. Everywhere the rotating machines were used in different processes. Every moment there is necessity of control of the rotating machine in which the motors are used. The control of the machine is possible with FPGA as it is fast operating device and responds very fast for the changing load and immediately compensates the speed. Fuzzy approach is growing interest in the field of control of various devices. The increasing number of fuzzy applications as well as non linearity handling features and independence modeling requirements, the FPGA is proper choice for control applications. The speed control can be done in various ways and for this purpose now a days the Personal Computer, microcontroller and PLA are used. In different places the speed controller changes are required which is possible using the control devices and at the same time monitoring of various parameters under investigation is necessary. In such cases, the monitoring the various parameters is very essential. The simulation technique provides the better control as well as implementation. The present work contributes towards the speed control of induction motor using PWM technique. In this technique the inverter will be designed for three phase and run by using PWM which conduct one pair of MOSFET leg for1200.The design of three phase of inverter and its performance testing is carried out and compared with the standard drive available in the market. The testing of the drive performance, efficiency and its speed at various levels is also carried in the present investigation. The different parameter estimation modules are designed around FPGA and tested.

Marble is also a type of building material especially for the construction in palaces and monument, which will increase the strength with the age. reported many studies in literature on the concrete performance, containing the waste marble dust powder or waste marble aggregate. It is observed in this study that the combination of marble dust and any other ingredient has higher modulus or higher compressive strength than the individual for 7dayand 28 days of curing respectively. the combination of high proportion of marble dust increases the strength.this study was based on the experimental investigation on the cement and sand both are the partially replaced in concrete, and then observed that the compressive strength, flexure and split tensile strength is increase up to a certain percentage. But if cement and sand both are replaced at same time than it is get decreased.

Electrical Power Systems are large & complex systems in the world. Reliability is inherent characteristic of power system that describes the ability to perform an intended objective. By properly investing on planning and operational stages the likelihood of customer interruptions can be reduced. With the increased interconnections and ever growing demand for electricity reliability assessment of large electrical systems is gaining attention in the recent times. This paper proposes Truncated State Space (TSS) based reliability evaluation by considering demand response. In Reliability assessment, large numbers of system states have to be evaluated for computation of indices which is computationally cumbersome. To overcome this, state space can be condensed by eliminating the states with insignificant probabilities. The state space is further reduced by considering demand response characteristics. Reliability indices like ELC, EENS are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. With the combination of demand response characteristics and TSS the reliability of the system is significantly improved. Reliability test systems like RBTS-6 bus system and IEEE-24 bus reliability test systems are used to implement the proposed method.

As per Current Market, PHP is a widely-used, open source scripting language which support different framework with advance functionality. So it is necessary to identify the best framework for our system or application. This paper will help you to find the best framework for your application. In this paper we also include the advantage and disadvantage of each framework.

Numerous energy harvesting wireless devices that will serve as building blocks for the Internet of Things (IoT) are currently under development. Basically energy efficiency stands as vital requirement that makes wireless protocols and technologies ideal for use in IOTs. Thus nodes in IOTs are battery-powered, so a low-power feature is a fundamental requirement. This paper represents that many energy efficient techniques have been proposed so far for better energy consumption. Out of them fuzzy based IOTs has shown quite effective results but still it can be improved further by introducing other membership functions. The main motive of this paper is to propose gaussian functional shapes based membership function for optimizing and reducing energy consumption in IOTs.

To reduce the dispersion and to improve the overall performance of the WDM-PON system, various dispersion compensation techniques are used in this system. In the optical communication, the dispersion compensation is mainly done by using DCF (Dispersion Compensation Fiber) and FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating). The performance of the system is evaluated at 10 Gbps data rate in the optical by using three different dispersion compensation schemes i.e. is Pre, Post, and Symmetrical Compensation. In this paper, A 40 X 10 Gbps Model is proposed using 40 channels (users) having SMF of length 120 km and DCF of length 24 km. It is concluded from the results that symmetric compensation technique shows better performance as compared to the pre and post. The results are verified on the basis of BER and Q-factor. All the simulation work is done with the help of Optisystem Software version 7.0.

India has a large population residing all over the country and the electricity need of this population creates requirements of large transmission and distribution system. Transmission line is an integrated system consisting of conductor subsystem, ground wire subsystem and one system for each category of support structure. Structural system of transmission line represents a significant portion of the cost of the line and they play an important role in the reliable power transmission. This thesis is concerned with the performance of three types of transmission line towers with varying heights under seismic and wind induced dynamic loads. Wind loads are considered as per IS 802(part1/sec1):1995, IS 875(part3): 1987 and seismic load as per IS 1893(part1):2002. The finite element analyses of transmission line tower involves modal analysis, equivalent static, response spectrum, time history and wind analysis with gust factor. The results obtained from the analyses are compared and the conclusions are drawn.

The objective of this paper is to gain a better understanding of mechanical properties of epoxy resin composites reinforced with unidirectional basalt and compare with unidirectional carbon and bidirectional glass fiber sheet. Cost effectiveness of different fabric was studied. In this investigation, specimens were prepared for three fabric composite families having longitudinal unidirectional carbon and basalt fabric and cross bidirectional glass fabric using epoxy based polymer reinforced according to ASTM D3039 to evaluate tensile strength of the composites. The failure of composites was examined and average tensile strength, tensile modulus and elongation were found.

For the mobile ad-hoc network, flooding is mechanism of broadcasting messages between the nodes due to absence of pre-setup infrastructure. Flooding define as a method to broadcast control messages that assists routing protocols. In the flooding method, nodes that receive flooded message first time are responsible for rebroadcasted the message to others. Flooding occurs redundancy of packets in the network means each node receives multiple copy of same packet from the broadcasting node. This property of flooding leads broadcast storm problem that results redundancy in message retransmission, collisions, wastage of resources such as bandwidth, battery power etc. To control flooding, number of methods suggested that concentrate on different criteria and concerns. In this paper, a study has done on 1-hop neighbor knowledge based flooding methods. Also, a method is proposed based on 1-hop neighbor knowledge that named as Integrated Selective and Optimize Broadcasting Method (ISOBM). Proposed methods is experimental simulated in network simulator tool i.e. NS-2 considering several simulation parameters and evaluated by various parameters like routing efficiency, routing overhead, remaining battery power and good-put. .

Cloud Service Provider(CSP) and Cloud Service Consumer(CSC) work on the terms agreed in the Service Level Agreements(SLA). SLA is a written agreement which serves as the basis for the expected level of service the CSP must provide. As the CSP are enterprises that are profit driven it is beneficial for the CSP to cheat on the SLA. Hence CSP do not provide the facility of auditing the SLA. As such the CSC must be equipped to ensure that the services promised by the CSP are provided by it so that in case of breach of service, the CSC has sufficient evidences to claim for penalty. Moreover virtual machines are prone to attacks by malicious cloud actors. To aid the investigation process sufficient evidences are needed. Hence, a framework based on the concept of Third Party Auditor (TPA) is proposed in this paper. This TPA will be placed between the Cloud Service Provider (CSP) and the Cloud Service Consumer (CSC) to closely monitor terms and conditions of SLA and ensure that CSP satisfies all the conditions mentioned in the SLA. If it is violated then the framework detects and stores it in a database maintained for this purpose. The TPA will also monitor attempts by malicious cloud actors and maintain log of all such attempts. Snapshots of clients’ virtual machines will also be stored at a regular interval.

Economic crises and there spread are increasing with the increase in globalization.. The present paper seeks to analyze the impact of global economic on Indian economy which is one of the fast growing economies of the world. Currently Indian economy is facing a challenge due to global melt down. Consequently, economic activities are bound to slow down. The global economic crisis or US Meltdown, has its origin in the United States housing sector back in 2001-02, but gradually extended over a period of time and eventually brought the entire world under its grip. Though in the beginning Indian officials denied the impact of global economic crisis affecting the Indian economy but later the government had to acknowledge the fact that economic crisis will have some impact on the Indian economy. The present paper confirms that various sectors of Indian economy are affected by global recession, to a certain extent.

The significant parameters to ensure the safeguard of our household components are-- home security and monitoring. An eye(metaphorically speaking) is to be focused specifically to perform the above two parameters. An electronic eye may sub-stantially ameliorate the safety mechanism of the living house. Incidents of breach of security in the absence of the house own-ers is increasing day-by-day. In addition to the traditional securi-ty systems ,there is now dire need of state-of-the-art communica-tion module with a micro controller enabled system to send commands and receive alerts.

The proposal of this project addresses the reactive power generation of offshore wind parks using double fed induction generators (DFIG) connected to the main grid with long cables. During steady state operation, reactive power can be generated with minimum power loss of wind energy system while meeting the grid code requirement. During grid disturbance, the wind power generators have to provide voltage support by increasing reactive current supply. DFIG are the machines of choice for large wind turbines. The doubly fed induction generator system is investigated as viable alternative to adjust speed over a wide range while keeping cost of the power converters minimal. Decoupled control of active and reactive power can be realized using the dynamic model of the DFIG. The modeling and control of DFIG and the simulation was done in MATLAB Simulink environment and the results are verified.

This paper deals with the modelling the ultrasonic machining process by using the rules of fuzzy inference system. Experiments have been conducted at different levels of amplitude and pressure and output in terms of material removal rate was measured. In the fuzzy inference system the parameters such as the weight are determined to minimize the difference between the prescribed value and the output of the system. However, the output of the system also depends on the shape of the membership function. The results of the predictive model are in the close agreement with the experimental values.

Paper finishing system is a subsystem of paper manufacturing plant. The system consists of rewinders, cutters and packing unit, arranged in series parallel combination. The system is analysed for its full availability and reduced availability. A mathematical model based on Markov death birth process is formulated for analysis. The failure and repair rates of the various components of the system are taken as constant. Probability considerations at various stages of the system give differential equations, which are solved using Laplace Transform to obtain the state probabilities. Results show that availability of the system improves with increase in repair rates whereas decreases with increase in failure rates. The analysis would certainly be beneficial for the management to design and decide future strategy of production.

The detailed numerical simulations for the differentiation of the planetesimals have been developed using 26Al and 60Fe as the heat sources. The two different scenarios have been used for the planetary differentiation. These scenarios deal with the origin of the basaltic achondrites either by the partial silicate melting, or from the residual melt left subsequent to the crystallization in a cooling magma ocean. In order to develop the numerical simulation, we have solved the radial heat conduction partial differential equation numerically using the finite difference method with the classical explicit approximation. In the present paper, differentiation of the planetesimals has been performed with the consideration of different bulk initial chondritic compositions. The initial composition of the planetesimals same as that of L, LL, CI and CV chondritic compositions have been considered.

Demonetization refers to change of currency by a government to curb illegal activities and transactions. India initiated its controversial plan of demonetization on 8th Nov 2016, by making the Rs 500 / 1000 notes not as legal tender. Through this momentous move the Indian Government tried to tackle four key issues: undesirable upsurge of black money, corruption, fake currency circulation and funding of terrorist activities in the country. With this announcement of Prime Minister Narender Modi, life of Indian citizens came to a standstill; a person who had many lower denomination notes suddenly became affluent to meet daily needs whereas the urban middle class dependent on e-banking had no cash in hand and spent hours in line outside banks and ATMs to get cash. The rich who had safely hoarded crores in their homes, within a few hours became paupers. Also, this had a phenomenal impact on slowing down the growth rate of the Indian economy. Ten sectors in India were majorly impacted by Demonetization: Agriculture, Real Estate, Construction, Manufacturing, Financial, Aviation, Tourism and Hospitality, Telecom, Healthcare and Automobile. The worst affected sectors being Financial and Real Estate, Construction, Tourism and Hospitality. Through this paper short-term and long-term economic impact of demonetization on various sectors of India are highlighted.

Water is important sources of the minerals for the livings beings. But it may become harmful for the living beings if it is contaminated by the pollutants. In this work literature review of water samples from different locations of India is carried out. Different types of techniques such as EDXRF (Energy Dispersive X- ray Fluorescence), PIXE (Proton Induced X- ray Emission), PIGE (Proton Induced Gamma ray Emission), AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer) and ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy) were used in elemental determination.

The structure and properties of the Choice set from which individuals make deterministic or random choice, has got mathematical implications on the probability of the choice and utility earned thereof. In this paper, one of the choice set properties – size of the set, is analyzed in depth and the random component of the utility model is expressed in that context. Experimental design of the hypothesized relationships is proposed in the end.

These Indian a differentiated monetary has soon quick development and exceptional flexibility since 1991.When, financial change were started with the dynamic opening of the monetary to worldwide and speculation remote direct venture has demonstrated push full to in hence the profitability and proficiency of the monetary however innovation exchange (in the frame the learning, specialized, advertising ability association, administration framework, new material items and showcase) and successful advancement of similar favorable position through fare the has been sorted out in the five segment are shown in this paper. 1st segment is introduction. 2nd segment is mythology and theory of the reviews. 3rd segment is the Benefit and need of FDI. 4th segment is examine effect of FDI on fare and development finally by investigation dada through different measurable device. 5th segment is conclusion or set out in finishing up area.

A Ku-band 140 W space TWT of gain (>54 dB), electronic efficiency (>23%), collector efficiency (>74%), overall efficiency (>54%), I/M components (<-10dBc) for frequency 10.7-11.9 GHz has been created and fabricated for satellite communication arrangement. This paper proposes critical design issues and techniques associated with different assemblies like electron gun, PPM focusing, helix SWS, input & output couplers, and 3-stage depressed collector in order to meet the exacting prerequisite of space TWTs.