<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2 20190208//EN"
  "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.2/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
         xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"
         article-type="research-article"
         dtd-version="1.2">

  <!-- ============================================================ FRONT -->
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">IJLTEMAS</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management &amp; Applied Science (IJLTEMAS)</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">IJLTEMAS</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2278-2540</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>IJLTEMAS</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>

    <article-meta>
      <!-- IDs -->
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">433</article-id>
            <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51583/IJLTEMAS.2026.150900082</article-id>
      
      <!-- Categories -->
            <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Toxicology</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      
      <!-- Title -->
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Metallic and Other Compound Toxicity with their Phytoremediation: A Review</article-title>
      </title-group>

      <!-- Authors -->
      <contrib-group>
                <contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
            <surname>Mahour</surname>
            <given-names>Kanhiya</given-names>
          </name>
                              <aff>
            Experimental Laboratory, Department of Zoology, R.P. P.G. College, Kamalganj, Farrukhabad-209724 (U.P.) India. (Affiliated to CSJM University, Kanpur, India)                        <country>India</country>
                      </aff>
                    
        </contrib>
              </contrib-group>

      <!-- Volume / Issue / Pages -->
            <volume>15</volume>
                  <issue>9</issue>
                        <fpage>2075</fpage>
            <lpage>2084</lpage>
            
      <!-- Dates -->
      <history>
                <date date-type="received">
          <day>26</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
                        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>01</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
              </history>

            <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>15</day>
        <month>10</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      
      <!-- DOI Self-URI -->
            <self-uri xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.51583/IJLTEMAS.2026.150900082"/>
      
      <!-- Keywords -->
            <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
                <kwd>Metallic compounds</kwd>
                <kwd>other compound</kwd>
                <kwd>herbal extract</kwd>
                <kwd>liver</kwd>
                <kwd>remediation</kwd>
                <kwd>rats</kwd>
              </kwd-group>
      
    </article-meta>
  </front>

  <!-- ============================================================ BODY (Abstract) -->
  <body>
        <sec>
      <title>Abstract</title>
      <p>Metallic and other compounds are found in elemental, organic and inorganic forms. All the forms of metallic compounds as well as other compounds are toxic. They enter in the human being as well as in animals through contaminated water, air, food and inhalation via blood vascular system. When it enters in the blood vascular system first of all it affected the liver because liver is the site for biotransformation and detoxification. Hence, causes liver toxicity. When liver is affected then it disturbs the entire physiology of man and animals. On the other hand, herbal medicine is very effective against this toxicity and So many substances have been discovered regarding remedial aspect against this toxicity but the research in herbal preparation (phyto-remedy) direction is empty. Considering all these facts, present investigation has been taken into consideration against many toxic and metallic compounds. Hence, this manuscript is disclosing the toxicity of metallic and other compound toxicity with their remedy by herbal preparation or herbal formulations.</p>
    </sec>
      </body>

  <!-- ============================================================ BACK (References) -->
    <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>References</title>
            <ref id="ref1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>Casper, J. L. (1850). Drei neue folle von chloroform-Tod.wschr.Ges.heilk, 16:273-283.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>Rosenbaum, F. (1882). Kohledy dratbestand nach akuten intoxication. Arch. Exp. Path. Pharmakol., 15:450-453.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref3">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>Suda, I. and H. Takahashi (1986). Enhanced and inhibited biotransformation of methyl mercury in the rat spleen. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 82(1):45-52.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref4">
        <label>4</label>
        <mixed-citation>Moshtaghie, A. A., A. Roisi and M. Goodarzi (1991). A study of the effect of cadmium toxicity on serum proteins and its relation to proteinuria in male rats. J. Islamic. Acad. Sci., 4 (3):192-195.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref5">
        <label>5</label>
        <mixed-citation>Endo, T., H. Koichi and S. Masakatsu (2003). Renal toxicity in rats after oral administration of mercury contaminated boiled whale livers marketed for human consumption. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 44: 412-416.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref6">
        <label>6</label>
        <mixed-citation>Ramalingam, K. (2003). Toxic stress and animal metabolism. U. P. J. Zool., 239(1):27-33.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref7">
        <label>7</label>
        <mixed-citation>Sidhu, P., M. I. Garg and D. K. Dhawan (2004). Biokinetics of Zn in liver and whole body and its bio-distribution in nickel treated protein deficient rats. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 42:969-975.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref8">
        <label>8</label>
        <mixed-citation>Shimada, H., T. Yasutaka, S. Akinori, Y. Akira, P. W.  Micheal and I. Yorishige, (2004). Assessment of heavy metals. Toxicol., 203(1-3):189-197.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref9">
        <label>9</label>
        <mixed-citation>Takamure, Y., S. Hideaki, K. Morio, Y. Akira and I. Yorishige (2005). A possible mechanism of resistance to cadmium toxicity in male long-Evans rats. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 12(2):114-120.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref10">
        <label>10</label>
        <mixed-citation>Smalinskiene, A., G. Rasa, L. Vaina, S. Ilona, A. Oleg and I. Leonid (2005). Effects of cadmium and Zinc ions on mitotic activity and protein synthesis in mouse liver. Med., 41(6):506-511.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref11">
        <label>11</label>
        <mixed-citation>Bashir, S., S. Yukti, M. Irshad, S. D. Gupta and T. D. Dogra (2006). Arsenic induced cell death in liver and brain of experimental rats. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 98:38-43.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref12">
        <label>12</label>
        <mixed-citation>Chichovska, M. and A. Anguel (2006). Study on the influence of L-lysine and zinc administration during exposure to lead and ethanol in rats. Veterinarski. Arhiv., 76(1):65-73.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref13">
        <label>13</label>
        <mixed-citation>Saxena P.N. and Mahour K .(2006). Haematological alterations followed by mercuric chloride intoxication in albino rat Indian Journal of Environment and Toxicology, 16 (1):23-26.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref14">
        <label>14</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. and Saxena P.N. (2006). Panax ginseng as protectant in mercuric chloride induced alterations in protein biochemistry in the serum of albino rats. J. Ginseng Res., 30 (3): 106-111.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref15">
        <label>15</label>
        <mixed-citation>Saxena P.N. and Mahour K. (2006). Analysis of hepatoprotection by Panax ginseng following mercuric chloride intoxication in albino rats. Published in proceeding of 9th International Symposium on Ginseng September 25-28, 2006, Seoul, S. Korea.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref16">
        <label>16</label>
        <mixed-citation>Saxena P.N., Mahour K. and Ashok Kumar (2006). Protective effect of Panax ginseng on renal function altered by mercuric chloride in albino rats J. Ginseng Res., 30 (3): 100-105.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref17">
        <label>17</label>
        <mixed-citation>Akporhonor, E. E. and P. A. Egwaikhide (2007). Removal of selected metal ions from aqueous solution by adsorption onto chemically modified maize cobs. Scientific Research and Assay, 2(4):132-134.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref18">
        <label>18</label>
        <mixed-citation>Bigi, M., M. Pujadas and A. M. Ubios (2007). Catch up of delayed tooth eruption associated with uranium intoxication. Hlth. Phys., 92(4):345-384.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref19">
        <label>19</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. and Saxena P.N. (2007). Assessment of hepatobiochemistry, histochemistry, histopathology &amp; serum enzymes under stress of mercuric chloride in Rattus norvegicus. Iranian Journal of Toxicology, 1(3):126-132.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref20">
        <label>20</label>
        <mixed-citation>Paula R.A., Greicy M.M. Connterato, Sabrina somacal, Lidia Einsfeld, Adriano T. Ramos, Fernado Y.M. Hosomi, Dominguita L. Graca, Tatiana Emanuelli (2007). Effect of lycopene on nephrotoxicity induced by mercuric chloride in rats. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, 100(6): 398-402.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref21">
        <label>21</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. and Saxena P.N. (2008). Scavenging strategy of Panax ginseng against formed free radicals under stress of mercuric chloride in Rattus norvegicus. J. Ginseng Res., 32(2):150-154.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref22">
        <label>22</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. and Saxena P.N. (2008). Evaluation of Panax ginseng as safe guard against raised serum electrolytes, proteins and blood glucose under stress of mercuric chloride in albino rat. Toxicology Letters, 180(1):s136.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref23">
        <label>23</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. and Saxena P.N. (2008). Alterations in hepatosomatic index under stress of mercuric chloride intoxication and their modulation by Panax ginseng in albino rat Journal of Herbal Medicine and Toxicology, 2(4):31-35.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref24">
        <label>24</label>
        <mixed-citation>Naz H., Baig N., Haider S and Haleem D.J. (2008). Subchronic treatment with mercuric chloride suppresses immune response, elicits behavioral deficits and increase brain serotonin and Dopamine metabolism in rats. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci., 21(1):7-11.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref25">
        <label>25</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. and Saxena P.N. (2009). Haematotoxic potential of mercuric chloride in Rattus norvegicus. Journal of Environmental biology, 30 (5/6): 126-132.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref26">
        <label>26</label>
        <mixed-citation>Ooka M. et al. (2026). Comprehensive profiling of metal compound toxicity: potential novel targets and mechanistic insights using Tox21 screening. J. hazard. Materials Adv., 21:1-10. doi.org/10.1016/J hazadv.2026.101063.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref27">
        <label>27</label>
        <mixed-citation>Manar K. Abl Elnobi et al. (2023). Toxicity of heavy metals and recent advances in their removal: A review. Toxicos, 11 (580):2-24. Doi.org/10.3390/toxics11070580.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref28">
        <label>28</label>
        <mixed-citation>Samuel Selorm Fiati Kenston et al. (2018). The systematic toxicity of heavy metal mixtures in rats. Toxicol. Res (camb), (93):369-407.doi:10.1039/c7tx00260b.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref29">
        <label>29</label>
        <mixed-citation>Hong Su et al. (2018). Joint toxicity of different heavy metals mixtures after a short term oral repeated administration in rats. Int. J. Envrion. Res. Pub. Hlth., 14(10):2-18. Doi: 103390/ijerph14101164.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref30">
        <label>30</label>
        <mixed-citation>Milena A. et al. (2019). Toxic effect of acute cadmium and lead exposure in rat blood, liver and kidney. Int. J. Envrion. Res. Pub. Hlth., 16(2):2-21.doi:10.3399/ijerp h16020274.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref31">
        <label>31</label>
        <mixed-citation>Ezedom T. et al. (2020). Toxicological effects of the concurrent administration of cadmium and arsenic through the food chain on the liver and kidney in rats. J. Basic Appl. Zool., 81(16):2-12.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref32">
        <label>32</label>
        <mixed-citation>Reddy U.A. et al. (2015). Biomarkers of oxidative stress in rat for assessing toxicological effects of heavy metal pollution in river water. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 22(17):13453-63.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref33">
        <label>33</label>
        <mixed-citation>doi:10.1007/s1135c-015-4381-2.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref34">
        <label>34</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. and Saxena P.N. (2009). Modulating role of Panax ginseng in phase-II reaction of hepato-biotransformation in albino rats following mercuric chloride intoxication. Iranian Journal of Toxicology, 2(4):273-280.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref35">
        <label>35</label>
        <mixed-citation>Dooka B.D. (2025). Heavy metal mixture induced hippocampal toxicity involve biometal accumulation, increase in oxidative stress, inflammation and caspase-3 activation in rats via nrf-2/HO-1/BDNF pathway. Drug. Chem. Toxicol., 48(6):1382-1393.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref36">
        <label>36</label>
        <mixed-citation>Gajocha N., Bogacka D.I.K. and Piotrowska (2026). Effects of cadmium, lead and mercury in Glial cells in a rat model: A Systematic review. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 27(19):8457-8479.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref37">
        <label>37</label>
        <mixed-citation>Saxena P.N, Rathor S., Mahour K., Saxena N. and Bajaj P. (2010). Alterations in hepatosomatic index and behaviour under stress of arsenic trioxide and their modulation by Curcuma aromatica plant extract in albino rats. Pharmacologyonline, 1: 243-251.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref38">
        <label>38</label>
        <mixed-citation>Durak d., kalender S., Uzen F.G., Demir F and Kalender Y. (2010). Mercury chloride induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes and the effect of vitamins C and E in vitro. Afr. J. Biotech., 9(4): 488-495.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref39">
        <label>39</label>
        <mixed-citation>Bashandy S.A., Alhazza J.M., El-Deosoky G.E. and Al-othman Z.A. (2011). Hepatoprotective and hypolipidemic effects of Spirulina platensis in rats administered mercuric chloride. Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 5(2): 175-182.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref40">
        <label>40</label>
        <mixed-citation>Sheikh T.J., Patel B.J. and Joshi D.V. (2011). Effect of mercuric chloride on oxidative stress and target organ pathology in wistar rat. J. Appl. Pharm. Sci., 1(7): 59-61.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref41">
        <label>41</label>
        <mixed-citation>Chandan, B. K., A. K. Sharma and K. K. Anand (1991). Boerhaavia diffusa : A study of its hepatoprotective activity. J. Ethnopharmacol., 31 (3): 299-308.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref42">
        <label>42</label>
        <mixed-citation>Rana, A. C. and Y. Avadhoot (1992). Experimental evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of Gymnema sylvestre and Curcuma zedoaria. Fitoterapia, 63: 60-65.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref43">
        <label>43</label>
        <mixed-citation>Shukla, S. M. Bhadauria and A. Jadon (2004). Effect of propolis extract on acute carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 42:993-997.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref44">
        <label>44</label>
        <mixed-citation>Bishayee, A. and M. Chatterjee (1993). Carrot aqueous extract protection against hepatic oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation induces by acute carbon tetrachloride intoxication in mice. Fitoterapia, 64(3): 261-265.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref45">
        <label>45</label>
        <mixed-citation>Vinsen, P. K., S. B. Shukla, G. K. Patnaik and B. N. Dhawan (1993). Prevention of galactosamine-induced hepatic damage by picroliv: Study on bile flow and isolated hepatocytes. Planta Med., 59(1): 37-41.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref46">
        <label>46</label>
        <mixed-citation>Saraf, S., V. K. Dixit, S. C. Tripathi, and G. K. Patnaik (1994). Antihepatotoxic activity of Cassia occidentalis. Int. J. Pharmacogn., 32(2): 178-183.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref47">
        <label>47</label>
        <mixed-citation>Jafri, M. A., M. J. Subhani, K. Javed, and S. Singh (1992). Hepatoprotective activity of leaves of Cassia occidentalis against paracetamol and ethyl alcohol intoxication in rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 32(11):149-156.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref48">
        <label>48</label>
        <mixed-citation>Singh, A. and S. S. Handa (1995). Hepatoprotective activity of Apium graveoleus and Hygrophila auriculata against paracetamol and thioacetamide intoxication in rats. J. Ethnopharmacol., 49(3): 119-126.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref49">
        <label>49</label>
        <mixed-citation>Kamiyama, T., H. Miyakawa, J. P. Li, T. Akiba, J. H. Liu, J. Liu, F. Marumo and C. Sato (1995). Effects of one year cadmium exposure on livers and kidneys and their relation to glutathione levels. Res. Common. Mol. Pathol. Pharmacol., 88(2): 177-186.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref50">
        <label>50</label>
        <mixed-citation>Saraswat, B., P. K. S. Visen, R. Dayal, D. P. Agrawal and G. K. Patnaik (1996). Protective action of ursolic acid against chemical induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Ind. J. Pharmacol., 28(4): 232-239.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref51">
        <label>51</label>
        <mixed-citation>Vaidya, A. B., D. S. Antarkar, J. C. Joshi, A. D. Bhatt, V. Ramesh, P. V. Vohra, D. Perissond, A. J. Baxi and P. M. Kale (1996). Picrorhiza kurroa as a hepatoprotective against experimental and clinical studies. J. Postgrag. Med., 42(2):105-108.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref52">
        <label>52</label>
        <mixed-citation>Kataria, M. and L. N. Singh (1997). Hepatoprotective effect of Liv-52 and kumaryasava on carbon tetra chloride induced hepatic damage in rats. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 35: 655-657.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref53">
        <label>53</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mukherjee, S., A. Sur and Maitri B. R. (1997).Hepatoprotective effect of Swertia chirata on rat. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 35: 384-388.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref54">
        <label>54</label>
        <mixed-citation>Despande, U. K., S. G. Gadre, A. S. Raste, D. Pillai, S.V. Bhinde and A. M. Samuel (1998). Protective effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa) extract on carbon tetra chloride – induced liver damage in rats. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 36: 573-577.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref55">
        <label>55</label>
        <mixed-citation>Dutta, S., K. Basu, S. Sinha and P. Bhattacharya (1998). Hepatoprotective effect of a protein isolated from Cajanus indicus (spreng) on carbon tetra chloride induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 36: 175-181.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref56">
        <label>56</label>
        <mixed-citation>Singh, K., A. K. Khanna and K. Chander (1999). Hepatoprotective activity of ellagic acid against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 37: 1025-1026.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref57">
        <label>57</label>
        <mixed-citation>Sandhir, R. and K. D. Gill (1999). Hepatoprotective effects of Liv-52 on ethanol induced liver damage in rats. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 37: 760-766.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref58">
        <label>58</label>
        <mixed-citation>Janbaz, K. H., S. A. Saeed and A. H. Gilani (2003). Hepatoprotective effect of thymol on chemical-induced hepatotoxicity in rodents. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 6(5): 448-451.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref59">
        <label>59</label>
        <mixed-citation>Prabakan, M., R. Anandan and T. Devaki (2000). Protective effect of Hemidesmus indicus against rifampicin and isoniazid induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Fitotherapia, 71:55-59.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref60">
        <label>60</label>
        <mixed-citation>Buwa, S., S. Patil, P. H. Kulkarni and A. Kanase (2001).Hepatoprotective action of abhrak bhasma, an ayurvedic drug in albino rats against hepatitis induced by CCl4. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 39: 1022-1027.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref61">
        <label>61</label>
        <mixed-citation>Trivedi, N. P. and U. M. Rawal (2001).Hepatoprotective and antioxidant property of Andrographis paniculata in BHC induced liver damage mice. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 39(1): 41-46.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref62">
        <label>62</label>
        <mixed-citation>El-Khatib, A. S., A. M. Agha, L. G. Mahran and M. T. Khayal (2002). Prophylactic effect of aqueous Propolis extract against acute experimental hepatotoxicity in vivo. Z. Naturforsch., 57(c):379-385.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref63">
        <label>63</label>
        <mixed-citation>Abdel-Wahhab, M. A. and H. H. Ahmed (2004). Protective effects of Korean Panax ginseng against chromium VI toxicity and free radical generation in rats. J. ginseng Res., 28:11-17.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref64">
        <label>64</label>
        <mixed-citation>Hukkeri, V. I, B. Jaiprakash, M. S. Lavhale, R. V. Karadi and I. J. Kuppast (2003).Hepatoprotective activity of Ailanthus excelsa leaf extract on experimental liver damage in rats. Ind. J. Pharm. Edu., 37(2): 105-106.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref65">
        <label>65</label>
        <mixed-citation>Al-Howiriny, T. A., M. O. Al-Sohailbani, K. H. El-Tahir and S. Rafatullah (2003). Preliminary evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and anti-hepatotoxic activities of ‘Parsley’ Petroselinum crispum in rats. J. Natur. Remed., 3/1:54-62.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref66">
        <label>66</label>
        <mixed-citation>Ulicna, O., M. Greksak, O. Vancova, L. Zlatos, S. Galbavy, P. Bozek and M. Nakano (2003). Hepatoprotective effect of Rooibos tea (Aspalathus lineris) on CCl4-induced liver damage in rats. Physiol, Res., 52: 461-466.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref67">
        <label>67</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mathur, S., A. O. Preakash and R. Mathur (1990). Toxic effects of beryllium nitrate on tissue cholesterol content in female rats. J. Adv. Zool., 11(2):72-79.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref68">
        <label>68</label>
        <mixed-citation>Venukumar, M. R. and M. S. Latha (2004). Effect of Coscinium fenestratum on hepatotoxicity in rats. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 42:792-797.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref69">
        <label>69</label>
        <mixed-citation>Johri, S., S. Srivastava, P. Sharma and S. Shukla (2004). Analysis of time-dependent recovery from beryllium toxicity following chelation therapy and antioxidant supplementation. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 42: 798-802.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref70">
        <label>70</label>
        <mixed-citation>Kumar, A. and A. Kumar (2004). Protective effects of vitamin C on liver dysenzymia induced by copper in rats. J. Exp. Zool., Ind., 7(1): 173-177.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref71">
        <label>71</label>
        <mixed-citation>Kumar, M., M. K. Sharma and A. Kumar (2005). Spirulina fusiformis: A food supplement against mercury induced hepatic toxicity. J. Hlth. Sci., 51(4):424-430.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref72">
        <label>72</label>
        <mixed-citation>Rathore, H. S. and J. Varghese (2006). Effect of mercuric chloride on the survival, food intake, body weight, histological and haematological changes in mice and their prevention with Liv.52. Ind. J. Occu. Hlth.3:15-25.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref73">
        <label>73</label>
        <mixed-citation>Gajawat, S., G. Sancheti and P. K. Goyal (2006). Protection against lead induced hepatic lesions in Swiss albino mice by ascorbic acid. Pharmacologic., 1:140-149.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref74">
        <label>74</label>
        <mixed-citation>Nair, S. P. (2006). Protective effect of Tefroli a polyherbal mixture on cadmium chloride induced hepatotoxic rats. Phcog. Mag., 2(6):112-118.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref75">
        <label>75</label>
        <mixed-citation>Saxena, P. N. and Mahour K. (2006). Analyais of hepatoprotection by Panax ginseng following mercuric chloride intoxication in albino rat. Proceedings of the 9th international symposium on Ginseng, Seoul, South Korea.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref76">
        <label>76</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. and Saxena P.N. (2007). Assessment of mercuric chloride intoxication in albino rats on the basis of hepatobiochemisry, serum biochemistry, histochemistry and histopathology, Iranian Journal of Toxicology, 1, 126-132.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref77">
        <label>77</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour  K. and Saxena P.N. (2008). Scavenging strategy of Panax ginseng against formed free radicals under stress of mercuric chloride in Rattus norvegicus, Journal of Ginseng Research, 32, 150-154.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref78">
        <label>78</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. and Saxena P.N. (2008). Alternations in hepatosomatic index under stress of mercuric chloride intoxication and their modulation by Panax ginseng crude extract in Rattus norvegicus, Journal of Herbal Medicine and Toxicology, 2, 29-31.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref79">
        <label>79</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. and Saxena P.N. (2008). Evaluation of Panax ginseng as safe guard against raised serum electrolytes, proteins and blood glucose under stress of mercuric chloride, Toxicology Letter, 108, 136-142.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref80">
        <label>80</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. and Saxena P.N. (2009).Assessment of haematotoxic potential of mercuric choloride in rat, Journal of Environmental Biology, 39, 927-928.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref81">
        <label>81</label>
        <mixed-citation>Saxena et al. (2010).Alterations in hepatosomatic index and acute toxicity under stress of arsenic trioxide and their modulation by Curcuma aromatic plant extract in albino rats, Pharmacology online, 1, 243-251.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref82">
        <label>82</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. (2010). In vitro antioxidant status of aqueous extract of Indian ginseng and Panax ginseng, Pharmacology online, 1, 118-123.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref83">
        <label>83</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. (2012). Effect of mercuric chloride on hepatic phsophatases and transaminases in albino rat, Journal of Advanced Laboratory Research in Biology, 3, 319-322.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref84">
        <label>84</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. (2012). Effect of mercuric chloride on hepatic phsophatases and transaminases in albino rat, Journal of Advanced Laboratory Research in Biology, 3, 319-322.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref85">
        <label>85</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. (2022). Multiple approach of natural hepato-protectant against chemical toxicity, World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 10(11), 157-166.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref86">
        <label>86</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. (2023).Mercury retention after Panax ginseng treatment against mercuric chloride intoxication in hepato-haemato indices in albino rats, World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences,13(02), 345-349.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref87">
        <label>87</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. (2023). In vitro antioxidant studies of some terrestrial indigenous plants, World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 15(01), 04-09.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref88">
        <label>88</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. (2024). Phytochemical and toxicological profile of some indigenous plant extracts, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of India,23 (2):237-245.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref89">
        <label>89</label>
        <mixed-citation>Sharma, A., M. K. Sharma and M. Kumar (2007). Protective effect of Mentha piperita against arsenic induced toxicity in liver of Swiss albino mice. Bas. Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 100(4):249-257.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref90">
        <label>90</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. (2012). Effect of mercuric chloride on hepatic phsophatases and transaminases in albino rat, Journal of Advanced Laboratory Research in Biology, 2012, 3, 319-322.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref91">
        <label>91</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. (2013). Standardization of free radical scavenging activity of some indigenous medicinal plants by using thin layer chromatography, Journal of Advanced Laboratory Research in Biology, 2013, 4, 135-137.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref92">
        <label>92</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. (2016). Effect of solvent evaporation methods on biological activity of crude extract of Feronia elephantum corr. Leaves, Arabian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2016, 2, 111-116.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref93">
        <label>93</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. (2022). Multiple approach of natural hepato-protectant against chemical toxicity, World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 10(11), 157-166.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref94">
        <label>94</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour  K. (2023). Mercury retention after Panax ginseng treatment against mercuric chloride intoxication in hepato-haemato indices in albino rats, World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences,13(02), 345-349.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref95">
        <label>95</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour K. (2023). In vitro antioxidant studies of some terrestrial indigenous plants, World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2023, 15(01), 04-09.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref96">
        <label>96</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mahour  K.(2024). Phytochemical and toxicological profile of some indigenous plant extracts, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of India, 23 (2):237-245.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref97">
        <label>97</label>
        <mixed-citation>Kavitha B., Jothimani P., Ponmani S. and Sangeetha R. (2013). Phytoremediation of heavy metals- A review, Int. J. Res. Stdy. Biosci., 1(2):17-23.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref98">
        <label>98</label>
        <mixed-citation>Sabreena et al. (2022). Phytoremediation of heavy metals: An Indispensable contrivance in green remediation technique, Plants, 11 (9):1-28, 1255. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/plants11091255.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref99">
        <label>99</label>
        <mixed-citation>Yan et al. (2020). Phytoremediation: A promising approach for re-vegetation of heavy metal polluted land. Front. Plant. Sci., 11(359):1-15 https://doi.org/10.3389/f pls.2020.00359.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref100">
        <label>100</label>
        <mixed-citation>Chandra R. and Hoduck K. (2018). Phytoremediation and physiological effects of mixed heavy metals on popular hybrids. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.76348.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref101">
        <label>101</label>
        <mixed-citation>Hasan M. M. et al. (2019). Assisting phytoremediation of heavy metals using chemical amendments. Plants (Basel), 8(9):295. doi:10.3390/plants8090295.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref102">
        <label>102</label>
        <mixed-citation>Ahmed T. (2025). Phytoremediation of heavy metals: Techniques, challenges and prospects. doi:10.32942/X2GP8W</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref103">
        <label>103</label>
        <mixed-citation>Okpoghono J. and A. A. Osikemekha (2026). Phytoremediation for heavy metal recovery. Bioresource Tech. Report, 33:1-12,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102 578.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref104">
        <label>104</label>
        <mixed-citation>Kamagate M. et al. (2025). Incidence of lead and mercury bio-toxicity in rats with Eschereia coli infection. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci., 14(5):170-180.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
            <ref id="ref105">
        <label>105</label>
        <mixed-citation>Balkrishna A. et al. (2026). Phytoremediation of toxic metals and their post remediation management approaches. Euchembioj. Rev., 2(2):150-189.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
          </ref-list>
  </back>
  
</article>
