INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LATEST TECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING,

MANAGEMENT & APPLIED SCIENCE (IJLTEMAS)

ISSN 2278-2540 | DOI: 10.51583/IJLTEMAS | Volume XIV, Issue IV, April 2025

www.ijltemas.in Page 1046

Gender Discrimination in India: Issues and Challenges

Dr. Jyoti Nath

Assistant Professor of Union Christian Training College, MSD (W.B)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.51583/IJLTEMAS.2025.140400126

potential of women. This paper elaborates strategies that should be adopted in our society to promote gender equality. As we

know “Power of women as the greatest potential for the growth of the economy”. To achieve the empowerment of all women and

girls will establish policies and institutions to build a society where men and women support each other. Many activities need to

focus where we lack gender responsive indicators and sex disaggregated baseline data and having limited monitoring information.

There should be study on some constraints to assess possible differences in participation, benefits and impact between men and

women. Gender development or sustainable inclusive development is one the prominent phenomenon which has emerged after

the publication of Human Development Report.

Key words: Gender discrimination, women’s development, Empowerment, Gender Issues, Gender Equality,

Introduction:

Gender bias is aninherent characteristic of a patriarchal society. As of now most of the societies of theworld are based on

equality, rights and opportunity and suppresment in any form on the basis of gender is gender discrimination. India is a male

dominant society and gender discrimination is customised habitually. National girl child day is celebrated every year on the 24th

of January. Through National Commission for Women (NCW), the Government disseminates the importance of girl children

through academic discussion. The Supreme Court of India has found that women are filing false cases under the law IPC 498A

and it is ruining the marriages.

and nutrition for girls. Despite various government initiatives to eliminate gender discrimination, women are neglected and

underestimated. The females faced discrimination at home and were considered as they were born for home keeping,

cooking and giving birth to kids. In the workplace, women are not given equal salary particularly, in the unorganised

sector. The Indian constitution ensures equal rights for all, irrespective of gender. But Indian women could not enjoy these

This is an analytical study based on literature survey. The secondary data like research articles, journals, magazines and different

database from websites are considered in this study. Content analysis of the literature which extracts the outcomes of the present

study with thematic analysis and corroboration of the data.

Discriminations:

From web to death females are facing lots of discrimination against them. Some of them are

Abortion of female gravida with the help of scanning Feoticide (By giving liquid extract from cactus / opuntia, giving raw paddy

to new born female baby, by pressing the face by pillow or by breaking the female baby’s neck) ™

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LATEST TECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING,

MANAGEMENT & APPLIED SCIENCE (IJLTEMAS)

ISSN 2278-2540 | DOI: 10.51583/IJLTEMAS | Volume XIV, Issue IV, April 2025

www.ijltemas.in Page 1047

Not giving enough and nutritious food, Not allowing to go to school (Denial of education), Not giving needy health care while in

ill health, Early marriage, Eve teasing, Rape and Sexual harassment, Dowry, Divorce, Destitution even for silly or without any

reason.

In the workplace

Deciding not to hire or promote someone, treating employees differently, or paying them less based on their gender are all

examples of workplace discrimination.

In schools

Preventing or discouraging girls and young women from participating in traditionally male-dominated fields, such as science,

math, and sports, is an example of gender discrimination. Schools may also enforce gendered dress codes, punish those who do

not conform to gender norms, or fail to punish bad behavior on the basis that “Boys will be boys.”

In public

Sexual harassment and catcalling are unwanted, and they are forms of discrimination. These behaviors can make people feel

unsafe, and they can restrict how people use public spaces. This limits a person’s freedom.

Gender Issues:

Gender issues include all aspects and concerns related to women’s and men’s lives and situation in society, to the way they

interrelate, their differences in access to and use of resources, their activities, and how they react to changes, interventions and

policies.

Unequal Education

India’s education landscape is extremely unequal. These inequalities manifest themselves in the form of differences based on

caste, class and in some case of gender. Achievement, earnings, health status, and political participation also contribute to

educational inequality within the United States and other countries.

Child sex Ratio

The Child Sex Ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in the age group 0–6 years. As per Census 2011, the

Racism

Races are the physical qualities that one inherits biologically and serves as a way of selfidentification from the other groups.

Racism is a theory that one race is superior that the other based on the physical attributes, caste, creed, ethnicity or origin.

Article 15(1) says that there should be no discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LATEST TECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING,

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ISSN 2278-2540 | DOI: 10.51583/IJLTEMAS | Volume XIV, Issue IV, April 2025

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Sexual Harassment

Sexual harassment involves inappropriate promises, rewards in exchange for sexual favors or unwelcome sexual behavior that is

offensive, humiliating, or intimidating, or use of explicit or implicit sexual overtones, etc. A woman is sexually harassed every

twelve minutes. Harmonizing our Indian law, sexual harassment violates the fundamental right of gender equality and life with

dignity under Article 14 and Article 21 of the Indian Constitution respectively.

Nutrition

In India and in South Asia, gender discrimination is one of the most significant underlying factors for poor nutrition. Poverty that

itself underlies conditions like limited ability to access nutritious food, limited time and control over time and access to sanitation

The causes of gender discrimination are, Educational backwardness, Caste, Religious beliefs, ™ Culture, On the name of family

history Customs and beliefs, Customs and beliefs. Low income ™ Unemployment, Society, Family situation.™

Contemporary Challenges of Gender equality, Discrimination, Issues

Poverty, Gender based Violence, Family Violence, Lack of Girls Friendly school environment, Child Marriage & Early

Pregnancy, Psychological violence, Physical violence, Verbal violence. Unequal seats (Only 33% seats reserve for women in

politics).

Solution for Gender Discrimination

Various movements, programmes are being carried out by the Government, voluntary organizations and by lot of social activities

for women’s development and against the gender discrimination.

Gender Discrimination In Indian Society

In India, discriminatory attitude towards men and women have existed for generations and effect the lives of both genders.

Although the constitution of India has granted men and women equal rights, gender disparity still remains. Gender discrimination

Conclusion:

The present study is an enormous effort of the researcher to search the various aspects of Gender bias of a country like India. The

study shows that there are several reasons behind the tremendous sphere of Gender biasness in our country, most of which are the

traditional in nature. Some of the reasons are developed with the complex outflow of the modern economic context. Various Acts

have also been emerged for the protection of the exploited section but there implementation is not up to the mark even

mismatched with the practical world. So it is very essential to rethink about his matter, our policy makers have great

responsibility regarding this issues .

National girl child day is celebrated every year on the 24th of January. Through National

References:

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LATEST TECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING,

MANAGEMENT & APPLIED SCIENCE (IJLTEMAS)

ISSN 2278-2540 | DOI: 10.51583/IJLTEMAS | Volume XIV, Issue IV, April 2025

www.ijltemas.in Page 1049