INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LATEST TECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING,
MANAGEMENT & APPLIED SCIENCE (IJLTEMAS)
ISSN 2278-2540 | DOI: 10.51583/IJLTEMAS | Volume XIV, Issue XI, November 2025
Smart Farming in Agriculture
1 Dr. G. Bhaskar, 2 Dr. S.V. Srikant
1 Assistant Director (IT) (Selection Grade) and Head (Knowledge Management), Manage, Hyderabad
2 Joint Director, CDAC, Hyderabad
Received: 21 November 2025; Accepted: 28 November 2025; Published: 04 December 2025
ABSTRACT
Smart farming is an emerging approach that integrates advanced technologies to revolutionize traditional
agricultural practices. It leverages tools like the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), drones to
improve productivity, sustainability, and decision-making in agriculture. In India, where over 70% of the rural
population depends on farming, precision agriculture offers a powerful solution to challenges faced by farmers
and also to adopt the climate changes. IoT sensors enable real-time monitoring of soil moisture, weather, and
crop health, optimizing irrigation and input use. AI-driven analytics support early detection of pests and diseases
and guide farmers on crop management strategies. Smart farming significantly boosts crop yield, reduces
resource wastage, and improves market access for farmers. Customized models for small and large landholders
ensure affordability and scalability. Real-world implementations like Harita-Priya, AgSpeak, Cropin, and
AgriRain have shown measurable success in improving yields and farmer incomes, which was included as uses
case in this paper. This paper attempts to address the needs of farmers of below 5 acres and above 5 acres and
suggests the smart farming technology required and cost of implementation suits to both categories of farmers
groups. As the country advances toward a digital agricultural ecosystem, smart farming will be pivotal for
achieving food security and climate resilience and marks the beginning of a transformative era in Indian
agriculture, promoting environmental sustainability.
INTRODUCTION
Agriculture plays a dominant role in Indian rural community and over seventy percent of rural community
depends on it. The agricultural sector contributes approximately 17% of total GDP of India. Since independence
of the country, the agricultural sector has seen tremendous changes to meet the needs of population by increasing
food production in multiple times, and started exporting excess produce. This all showcased because of the
green revolution, policy level interventions and adopting various technologies in the agricultural sector. The
Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) plays vital role in farming. The advancement of
technologies, communication facilities, smart phone usage helping the farmers to avail timely information from
experts on weather, inputs, best practices, crop health and marketing.
Smart farming as an emerging concept that refers to managing agriculture farms using modern Information and
Communication Technologies (ICTs) such as Internet of Things (IoTs), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Drones,
Robotics and communication facilities to increase the efficiency in farming practices that optimises the use of
water, input applications-fertilizers, pesticides, crop management practices, which enhance the quality of
produce and also improves the yields. The concept of smart faming also optimizing the human labour required
in the farming.
Smart farming, also known as precision agriculture, leverages modern technology to enhance agricultural
productivity, efficiency, and sustainability. With the global population rising and natural resources becoming
scarce, adopting smart farming techniques is crucial to ensuring food security and environmental conservation.
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