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ISSN 2278-2540 | DOI: 10.51583/IJLTEMAS | Volume XV, Issue III, March 2026
Campusbites: Food Ordering System for the Faculty and Staff of
Pangasinan State University Alaminos City Campus
John Ruel P. Espejo, Karl Jerome E. Garin, Donna Fhel Organo, Mary Diane P. Santos, Christian Paul
O. Cruz
Information Technology, Pangasinan State University, Alaminos City Campus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51583/IJLTEMAS.2026.150300127
Received: 01 April 2026; 06 April 2026; Published: 24 April 2026
ABSTRACT
CampusBites a Food Ordering System Mobile Application for Faculty and Staff of Pangasinan State University,
Alaminos City Campus; addresses the challenges faced by vendors, faculty, and staff in managing food orders
by providing a centralized platform for them to operate on, enhancing communication and overall ordering
experience within the campus. The existing manual ordering process through the Facebook Messenger often
leads to miscommunication, delayed transactions, and difficulty in tracking orders, highlighting the need for a
more organized and efficient digital solution. Using the Agile Methodology, the study aims to design and
develop a mobile application that provides a centralized platform for food ordering and order management.
Data were collected through interviews, observations, and online research providing the researchers with the
existing ordering process and challenges the customers face. These methods allowed the team to gather
firsthand information from vendors and faculty members, which ensures that the system addresses real pain
points such as order accuracy, response time, and ease of use. Purposive Sampling was used to select the
participants, with a total of 91 responses from a combination of vendors, faculty, and staff. System performance
and user acceptance were evaluated using a Likert-scale survey, which measured key indicators such as
functionality, reliability, and user satisfaction. By digitizing and streamlining the food ordering process and
improving communication between vendors and faculty, this study contributes to enhanced service at
Pangasinan State University Alaminos City Campus. The findings are expected to support the adoption of
digital solutions in academic settings, promoting efficiency and convenience within the university community
while also serving as a reference model for similar campus-based food ordering systems.
Keywords: Food Ordering System, Ordering, Mobile Application
INTRODUCTION
Online food ordering applications are web- or mobile-based platforms used by restaurants and other food
service providers to expand their reach and improve operational efficiency. With the rapid advancement of
technology, food ordering practices have evolved from traditional in-person transactions to digital platforms,
allowing consumers to conveniently access meals without physical presence. In the Online Food Delivery
Services Market Report of 2026, the online food delivery market size has reached a $177.9 Billion in 2025 and
is expected to grow to $314.84 billion by 2030 with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.2%, the
growth can all be attributed to increasing demand and the overall benefit of ordering online.
Food services within educational institutions play an important role in providing accessible and convenient
meals to students, faculty, and staff, contributing to their daily needs and overall well-being. However existing
ordering process at the Pangasinan State University Alaminos City Campus - Mini Forest Area, relies heavily
on Facebook Messenger to receive and process orders, while customers must manually browse the menu and
screenshots and send their orders through group chats. This informal approach often results in delayed response,
miscommunication, and difficulty tracking order statuses, while also compromising user privacy, as orders are
visible to all members within the group chat. Ultimately disrupting the efficiency of food service operations on
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campus. The CampusBites system addresses the current ordering challenges with an appropriate approach to
provide customers with a better ordering experience and greater convenience compared to in-person ordering.
CampusBites provides customers with a simple all-in-one application that allows them to order conveniently
from their phone. Through the app, customer can place order, check their order status, and receive notifications
all in real time. The system was designed to be straightforward, accommodating users who are not highly
familiar with technology. Through this service the system, enhances the ordering experience by reducing steps
typically required to complete a transaction.
CampusBites provide a alternative digital order service for the Pangasinan State University Alaminos City
Campus, offering faculty and staff a more structured and efficient way to order meals. According to Peng et al.
(2024), online food ordering is largely driven by consumer demand for convenience and ease of transaction. In
line with this, CampusBites brings comfort, convenience, and consistency to the customer's dining experience
through its centralized mobile platform.
Several other studies have explored the effectiveness of digital food ordering system in improving service
efficiency and customer satisfaction. For instance, Ulemu Mponela et al. (2024) found that a centralized
ordering platform reduce human error and improve order processing speed. Similarly, Bari et al. (2025)
developed an online food ordering system specifically for college canteens, showing that digital solutions can
reduce waits, minimize order inaccuracies, and customer traffic during peak hours.
In addition, Gurukar et al. (2025) introduced a food pre-ordering and order monitoring system for campus
canteens, highlighting how features such as real time order tracking, digital menus, and admin dashboards can
streamline operations and enhance communication between canteen staff and customers. Similarly, Dudeja and
Gupta (2024) proposed YuvEats, and mobile application designed for university campuses. Their study
addressed issues such as long queues, inconsistent food quality and quantity, and the inability to cancel orders.
Their system incorporated features such as order scheduling, digital payments, feedback mechanisms, and order
cancellation to improve transparency and user experience
Tumati, Zaloumis, and Al Bulushi (2024) examined several factors influencing online food delivery. Their
findings identified convenience, food variety, food quality, secure payment option as a primary sources of
customer satisfactions. Similarly, Ragesh and Lakshmi (2021) explored the adoption of food delivery apps
among Indian consumers, finding that factors such as food taste, service speed, promotional deals, and online
reviews significantly influence users' decisions to adopt and continue using food delivery platforms.
Collectively, these studies emphasize that a effective food ordering system should prioritize user convenience,
real-time communication, and efficiency. However, many existing systems are designed for broader
environments. In contrast CampusBites focus specifically on faculty and staff within a campus setting,
addressing unique challenges such as communication gaps, order tracking limitations and vendor coordination.
Objectives of the Study
The objective of this study is to design and implement an ordering system for faculty and staff at Pangasinan
State University – Alaminos City Campus. Specifically, the study aims to:
1. To identify the existing food ordering and tracking practices used by PSU ACC Faculty, staff, and vendors.
2. To identify challenges and inefficiencies in the Ordering system.
3. To design and develop the CampusBites food ordering system.
4. To identify the system’s usability and effectiveness of the developed system.
METHODOLOGY
The system developed utilized an Agile Methodology and a descriptive research design as a research
framework. Surveys, Interviews, and Observation serve as a way to obtain user feedback for system
effectiveness evaluations. Agile methodology is a set of principles and values, and for the ability to respond
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agilely to uncertainty, change and unpredictability. Agile Methodology has six phases: Requirements, Design,
Development, Testing, Deployment, and Review. During the Requirement phase, the proponents conducted
interviews to identify the process and handed out questionnaires for the customer to assess their experience
with the existing ordering process. Next, the design phase where the researchers defined the CampusBites
Mobile application’s identity, such as its Color scheme, typography,and logo. Wire frames were done in Figma,
the logo was designed in Krita, and the technology stack were also finalized by selecting Flutter for fast
development and Firebase for the back end. Development Phase is done in Visual Studio Code and Android
Studio. A Minimum Viable Product (MVP) were developed first to ensure that the core requirements and
features was completed first and met the user needs. Testing for the Testing Phase was first completed by the
developers to ensure that the mobile application is working as intended, the Application was then introduced
to a small user group for feedback. Any Bug identified through testing was quickly fixed. After the successful
testing and debugging of the CampusBites application, the system was made accessible to selected vendors and
faculty/staff within the mini-forest area. The phase allowed the researchers to see any pain points in the system
and validate whether the user requirements are met. Feedback was then gathered as part of the Review Phase
through the use of ISO/IEC 25010 Acceptability Questionnaire, where the researchers measured the systems
Acceptability. The researchers then reviewed user comments and identified areas for further improvements and
adjustments in the system. The Development method of the mobile application strictly followed the Agile
model, as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Agile Methodology
The study was conducted at Pangasinan State University, Alaminos City Campus, Mini Forest Area, where the
proponents examined the food ordering process and challenges faced by faculty, staff, and vendors. Data were
gathered through interviews with the Income Generating Project Coordinator of the Campus, Ms. Danielle B.
Madero, who provided them with valuable insights and suggested features for the system. In addition,
Observations were conducted to understand how vendors operate and how orders are placed by customers,
allowing the researchers to identify issues in the current process. These findings helped the researchers refine
their ideas and guide the development of the system. Purposive sampling was employed to select participants
who are directly involved in the ordering process, ensuring that relevant and meaningful data were collected to
assess user needs and interest in the proposed system. Table 1 presents a list of those who took part in the
research investigation.
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Table 1. Respondents of the Study
Respondents
Number of Respondents
Vendors
10
Faculty and Staff
80
IGP Coordinator
1
Total Respondents
91
An ISO/IEC 25010 Questionnaire was used to measure the system’s acceptability. The researchers measured
system assessment and improvement using the Likert Scale where, 5 is the highest and 1 is the lowest value.
Average Weighted Mean is used for the data. The CampusBites system scored a 4.22 in Functional
Sustainability, 4.15 in Performance Efficiency, 4.17 in Usability, 3.97 in Reliability, 3.88 in Security, 4.01 in
Maintainability, 3.93 in Portability, with a Average Weighted mean of 4.05, which means the system is highly
rated by the users and is within the acceptable range.
In addition, the standard deviation values for each criteria range from 0.43 to 0.78, indicating low to moderate
response variety. Performance Efficiency recorded the lower variability at 0.43, reflecting strong user
agreement, while security showed the highed at 0.78, suggesting some difference in perceptions of data
protection features. The overall average standard deviation of 0.62 demonstrates generally consistent user
response. The data is illustrated in Table 2.
Table 2. Acceptability Test
Acceptability
Weighted Mean
Standard Deviation
Description
Functional Sustainability
4.22
0.57
Very Good
Performance Efficiency
4.15
0.43
Very Good
Usability
4.17
0.65
Very Good
Reliability
3.97
0.59
Very Good
Security
3.88
0.63
Very Good
Maintainability
4.01
0.78
Very Good
Portability
3.93
0.65
Very Good
Average Weighted Mean
4.05
0.62
Very Good
The analysis of the ISO/IEC 25010 Acceptability Test response allowed the researchers to derive meaningful
insights and finding to the campus population. A review of existing Food Ordering Platforms, such as Uber
Eats and Food Panda, revealed effective strategies, while studies on food service operations with similarities to
CampusBites served as a guide to the Development of the system to better meet the requirements and needs of
the Faculty, staff, and vendors of the Pangasinan State University, Alaminos Ctiy Campus.
The development team used Flutter within Android Studio and Visual Studio Code to implement the ordering
workflows and in-real time ordering features. The UI was designed in Figma to identify how the system will
look and the proper typography, Color Scheme, and Components. Firebase enabled live data exchange between
the application and the vendors, ensuring that customers received accurate and up-to-date information about
their orders.
A Fishbone Diagram is a tool that assists in analyzing and identifying the root cause of related problems. The
use of the Fishbone diagram highlighted several issues in the existing food ordering system as shown in Figure
2. Fishbone Diagram, These Include Inventory & Menu Management where they are unable to track orders and
stock in real time, order tracking and visibility where updates are slow and delays if the order is accepted or
rejected, Communication and Coordination for missing or unclear order details, operational limitations such as
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internet connect and difficulty in managing menu, and customer experience problems such as long queue times
or slow service due to a lack of man power or inefficient system. All these identified problems lead to a
conclusion that the existing ordering process is unstructured and inefficient, which causes delays and frustration
when ordering.
Figure 2. Fishbone Diagram
Figure 2 highlights the root cause of inefficiencies in the existing ordering system, including communication
gaps, lack of real-time tracking, and operational limitations. These issue justify the need for a structured digital
solution.
As a result of these multiple factors, the development of CampusBites produced a mobile application that meets
all user requirements and improves the ordering experience on campus. By addressing the key challenges in
the existing ordering process, the system aims to enhance the ordering experience for faculty, staff, and vendors
at the Pangasinan State University Alaminos City Campus.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The Three-Tier architecture is a well known and effective architecture model, it consists of a presentation tier
for the graphical user interface, an application tier that handles logic, and a data tier to store data. The
CampusBites food ordering system utilizes a three-tier system architecture, which separates an application into
presentation, logic, and data tiers that operate independently to enhance scalability and maintainability
(Chiaramonte, 2024). Users can access the CampusBites application through their mobile phones as shown in
Figure 3, within the Presentation Tier. The Data Tier uses Firebase to store and retrieve user profiles, menus,
and order statuses in real-time, ensuring consistency within the system. The application tier handles business
logic such as user authentication, order validation, and role-based access using Firebase Authentication.
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Figure 3. CampusBites Food Ordering Mobile Application Three-Tier Architecture
Inside the CampusBites application's Presentation Tier as shown in Figure 3, the system user interface serves
as the gateway for faculty, staff, and vendors to interact with the system. Faculty and staff can order from any
store registered in the system and view their order status in real time, while vendors can add items to their store,
update item stock and prices, and manage order status. This tier also contains necessary functions such as user
login, order follow-up, order cancellation, and order notifications, serving as the main interaction medium for
the system.
User inputs such as menu browsing, order placement, and status updates generate requests that are processed
by the application tier via Google Firebase Services. The application tier handles business logic. Firebase
Authentication manages secure, role-based access. Cloud Firestore services serve as the Data tier that accesses
user profiles, menus, and order statuses in real time.
The Data tier serves as the most important part of the system, storing and managing user profiles, menu items,
order histories, and vendor records. Firestore ensures data remains consistent, immediately showing changes
whenever an order is placed or an item is updated. This allows the Application tier to retrieve real-time
information without delay, supporting the overall reliability and scalability of the CampusBites application.
By utilizing the Three-Tier Architecture, the CampusBites application became an efficient and highly scalable
framework for creating a Food Ordering application. Future Enhancements for the app can include further
improvements in the mobile application UI and more Quality of Life (QoL) features within the system.
Communication with the locale is necessary for any future improvements to stay within the necessary user
requirements and user expectations.
To further evaluate the system’s effectiveness, a comparison with existing commercial food delivery platforms
is presented. In comparison existing food delivery platforms such as FoodPanda, DoorDash and UberEats just
to name a few, the CampusBites system demonstrates a more streamlined and context specific approach to food
ordering. While these platforms are designed to support large-scale operations involving complex logistics,
delivery network and user traffic, CampusBites focuses on a localized campus environment, which allows for
simpler workflow and efficient processing.
CampusBites provides a straightforward and user-friendly interface tailored specifically for the campus faculty
and staff, reducing steps required to place and manage orders. This differs with other commercial platforms,
which often include additional features that increases complexity for users unfamiliar with such applications.
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Furthermore the Integration of real-time order updates and direct communication with vendors and customers
minimize delays and reduces the likelihood of miscommunication, which was a common issue in the existing
Messenger-based ordering process.
Although existing food delivery platforms offer advanced functionality such as live delivery tracking and
multiple payment options, the CampusBites system effectively fulfills its intended purpose by prioritizing ease
of use, order visibility, and operational efficiency within a campus setting. This is further supported by the
systems high usability rating in the ISO/IEC 25010 evaluation, indicating that users found the system efficient
and easy to use within its intended environment.
CONCLUSION
CampusBites is a mobile application designed to improve the existing food ordering process at the Pangasinan
State University Alaminos City Campus. The combination of multiple features within the application, include
real-time ordering, order management, and order notifications. This serves as the foundation of a well-made
ordering platform designed to improve the ordering experience. The application serves as the centralized
solution to address the challenges identified by the researchers.
The use of Agile Methodology ensured that the development of the application stayed within scope and
continuously improved based on real feedback and user requirements, while the Three-Tier Architecture served
as a guide to make the system scalable. By providing an alternative to the current process, CampusBites aims
to make ordering more organized and enjoyable for faculty, staff, and vendors. The CampusBites application
achieved a "Very Good" overall acceptability rating, with an average weighted mean of 4.05, based on the
ISO/IEC 25010 software quality standard evaluation. Vendors can now manage orders, update item availability,
and monitor sales more efficiently. Overall, the mobile application digitalizes the existing ordering process,
streamlines daily operations, and ensures a more reliable and organized campus food service experience.
CampusBites is built for long-term sustainability, with a scalable architecture designed to adapt to future
technological advancements, increasing user demand, and potential expansions beyond the current campus
scope. However, despite its effectiveness, the system currently has limitations, particularly in its reliance on
QR code-based payments and its restricted access to faculty and staff users within the campus. The limitations
highlight opportunities for further enhancement and system expansion. In the future, CampusBites can be
further expanded through the integration of direct in-app payment. Currently, the system only supports Cash-
in and GCash payments through a QR code feature; integrating in-app payments would allow for a faster
transaction process and reduce the need for manual verification. Additionally, the inclusion of student accounts
through institutional email access can expand the user base and can be seamlessly implemented using the
existing role-based login system.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The completion of this study would not have been possible without the support and contributions of several
individuals who played important roles throughout its development. The proponents would like to give their
gratitude to all those who helped bring this project to fruition.
To the proponents, Capstone adviser, Sir Carlo Genster P. Camposagrado, who provided direction and clarity,
which allowed the researchers to better understand and improve their work, his support and patience serve as a
successful completion of this study.
To the proponents’ adviser, Sir Christian Paul O. Cruz who, gave us invaluable advice and helped us through
every stage of the project.
To the chairman and panelists of the project, who assisted in further improving and refining their system.
To their parents, who gave us the strength and courage to persevere and complete their research; and to the
almighty God for granting strength and wisdom to overcome challenges and successfully complete this study.
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