" Challenges in the Implementation of School-Based Management "

School-Based Management (SBM) is a governance reform that decentralizes decision-making and enables schools to take a more active role in improving educational quality and learner outcomes. In the Philippines, School-Based Management (SBM) has been institutionalized through the Department of Education's policies and supported by Republic Act No. 9155, which emphasizes shared governance and accountability in schools. Despite these efforts, several challenges continue to affect the successful implementation of SBM practices.

This study examined the challenges encountered in implementing School-Based Management in selected public elementary schools in the District of Bohol Province during the school year 2025. A descriptive–quantitative research design was used to determine the extent of challenges experienced by school personnel. Data were gathered through a st ructured questionnaire administered to school heads, assistant principals, department heads, master teachers, and classroom teachers.

The findings revealed that limited financial resources, heavy administrative workload, and insufficient training are among the most significant challenges affecting the implementation of SBM. These results highlight the need for stronger institutional support, including adequate funding, continuous professional development, and improved administrative systems. The study provides insights that may assist school leaders and policymakers in strengthening SBM implementation and addressing barriers that affect school governance practices.

School-Based Management, implementation challenges, educational leadership, school governance, public elementary schools

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