Cat Swarm Optimization-Based Optimal Placement Of FACTS (UPFC) For Voltage Stability Improvement In Power

The present paper suggests a Cat Swarm Optimization (CSO)-based model of optimal placement and parameter adjustment of a Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) to improve voltage stability in power systems under normal operating conditions as well as N-1 contingency operating conditions. The most flexible combined series-shunt FACTS controller, the UPFC, controls the magnitude of voltage, the line impedance and the phase angle simultaneously by coordinated series voltage injection and shunt reactive power compensation. The L-index of the partitioned bus admittance matrix is used to measure the voltage stability, and the worst-case contingency value L worst is used as the optimization fitness function. The CSO algorithm, which works based on dual seeking and tracing the behavioral modes, reduces L worst to UPFC placement and parameter constraints without the need to have the gradient information. The model has been confirmed in the IEEE 14-bus and in the IEEE 30-bus benchmark systems that are simulated in MATLAB/MATPOWER. Findings indicate that UPFC integration reduced the L-index by 0.26% in the IEEE 14-bus and 0.54% in the IEEE 30-bus system at normal and then CSO-optimized UPFC location leads to 4.28% reduction in the worst-case L-index at N-1 contingency on the IEEE 14-bus system and 24.85% on the IEEE 30-bus system. Optimization increased voltage profiles on all buses to the nominal 1.0 p.u. These results support the claim that the proposed CSO-UPFC framework is a computationally efficient and practically viable approach towards enhancing voltage security of the power system both when it is operating in normal conditions and when it is subjected to disturbances.

IEEE 14 & 30 Bus systems, Voltage stability index, FACTS (UPFC) devices, Cat Swarm Optimization (CSO), N-1 contingency analysis, MATPOWER.

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