Evaluation of Smart Design Strategies for Efficient Zoning and Circulation in Selected Teaching Hospitals in Lagos.

Effective zoning and circulation are critical for the functionality of teaching hospitals, especially in rapidly urbanizing cities like Lagos, Nigeria. These hospitals serve dual roles—healthcare delivery and medical education—creating complex spatial demands that require careful planning. This study examines how smart design strategies can improve zoning and circulation efficiency in selected teaching hospitals in Lagos using a qualitative approach based on literature and institutional reviews.

Findings reveal that many existing hospital layouts are characterized by fragmented functional integration, overlapping circulation paths, congestion in high-traffic areas, and poor separation between public, clinical, and academic zones. Circulation systems are often linear and lack clear hierarchy, leading to inefficiencies in movement, navigation, and wayfinding. These issues contribute to spatial disorientation among users.The study identifies smart design solutions such as evidence-based adjacency planning, structured circulation hierarchies, flexible and modular zoning, improved spatial legibility, and the use of digital simulation tools. It also emphasizes the need for context-sensitive design approaches to address challenges like high patient volumes, limited expansion space, and aging infrastructure.In conclusion, while current layouts remain functional, they are not optimally efficient. Integrating smart design strategies can significantly enhance operational performance, user experience, and the interaction between healthcare and education. This study provides a framework to guide architects, planners, and policymakers in improving teaching hospital design.

Teaching hospitals, Zoning, Circulation, Smart Design, Hospital Architecture, Lagos.

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