Comparative Assessment of Enzyme inhibiting Properties of Selected Ethnomedicinal Cereals (Panicum sumatrense and Eleusine coracana) used in The Management of Diabetes Mellitus
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This study comparatively evaluated the inhibitory effects of two ethnomedicinal cereals, Panicum sumatrense and Eleusine coracana, on carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes associated with postprandial hyperglycemia. Aqueous extracts of the cereals were prepared and tested for their inhibitory activities against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes at concentrations ranging from 1–5 mg/ml. Acarbose served as the standard reference drug. The results showed that both extracts exhibited inhibitory activities against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes in a concentration-dependent manner. For α-amylase inhibition, Panicum sumatrense and Eleusine coracana showed IC₅₀ values of 3.25 mg/ml and 5.00 mg/ml respectively, while acarbose exhibited a lower IC₅₀ of 1.28 mg/ml. In the α-glucosidase assay, Eleusine coracana demonstrated stronger inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 3.87 mg/ml) compared to Panicum sumatrense (IC₅₀ = 4.30 mg/ml), although both were less potent than acarbose (IC₅₀ = 0.30 mg/ml). The findings suggest that these ethnomedicinal cereals possess significant enzyme inhibitory activities which may contribute to their traditional use in the management of diabetes mellitus.
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