A Smart Cobot to Enhance Farming Productivity and Sustainability
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This paper presents a technological solution that uses a collaborative robotic (cobot) system to boost both sustainability and productivity in agriculture. The system architecture is built around ROS 2 and a Raspberry Pi, which control a mobile rover and a robotic arm that work together to monitor plants and apply precise treatments. The rover navigates the environment using sensor fusion and cameras to collect real-time data on plant health. A comprehensive plant database allows the cobot to identify plant species and diagnose diseases by cross-referencing this data stream with known symptoms. Once a problem is found, the robotic arm uses its precise, multi-axis control to deliver a minimal, targeted dose of pesticide. This data-driven approach significantly cuts down on pesticide use, minimizes environmental impact, and saves resources while also improving crop yield and quality through accurate, immediate treatment. The paper details the system's design, its ROS 2-based algorithms for navigation and plant recognition, and its mechanisms for precision application, demonstrating its potential to transform sustainable agriculture.
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