Volume V Issue IV

Building sector plays a vital role towards energy efficiency and energy conservation. In India, building sector accounts almost 35% of the country’s energy consumption. Building sector has been growing rapidly and is expected to increase five folds from 2005 to 2030. This rapid growth presents a challenge as well as an opportunity to design energy efficient buildings and to conserve energy for sustainable development. Energy usage in buildings has been increasing with climate change. Bioclimatic design has enormous potential in minimizing energy usage in buildings and minimizing carbon dioxide emissions. New Delhi being the capital city has witnessed tremendous building construction activities in and around the city. This paper focuses on various bioclimatic design strategies for building design in a composite climate like Delhi. Number of factors which affects thermal comforts i.e. temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind etc has been analyzed to arrive at performance specifications. To address the seasonal requirements which are often contradictory in composite climate, a weighing system, known as Mahoney Table has been used to assess the relative importance of conflicting requirements. The objective of the study is to devise different characteristics of architectural components i.e. layout of the building, spacing, air movement, size of the openings, position of openings, protection of openings, thermal capacity and insulation of walls, roofs and external features of buildings in Delhi.

Civil engineering structures of hydroelectric project such as dam, water intake, trashrack of penstocks, etc. are usually submerged; and there are few effective methods for their inspection. Monitoring of the health of dams is paramount as the failure of such structures will have disastrous consequences by way of loss of life, property and on account of heavy expenditure towards its repair and rehabilitation. Regular safety appraisal of dam and its appurtenant structures is considered essentially by dam safety committees. Monitoring of dam can be carried out in many ways such as Visual inspections, Instrumentation, Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) and Underwater Inspection using divers and Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV). This paper presents case study of underwater scanning of a dam using the Remote Operated Vehicle.

Automatic Bridge Balance and Measurement of Resistance using Microcontroller (ABBMRM) is implemented effectively for balancing the Wheatstone bridge using the Microcontroller (8051) with higher accuracy.

Data integrity is very important while storing few data in multi-cloud. Distributed cloud storage is the method of storing the data in obliging provable data for the reliability confirmation. this paper proposes the integrity of data while storing distribute cloud this technique improve can improves overall enterprise performance by avoiding vender lock-in for customers to minimize the computation cost this technique also reduces cost while computation is reflected in performance analysis.

Microstrip patch antenna is a lightweight, inexpensive antenna on which electronics like LNA’s and SSPA’s can be integrated easily. It is applied to different applications such as Bluetooth, WLAN, satellite communication, biomedical applications, telemedicine and so on due to its Compact size. This work aims at reducing the size of the antenna using meander slot. In this work we explored reduction, which makes it appropriate to apply for more applications. Meander slot follows an asymmetrical path which increases the path for current flow. The simulated results show 71.34% of size reduction for 3.3GHz resonating frequency and 25.04% for 5.5GHz as compared to rectangular patch. This work also analysis the probe and edge feeding techniques and comparative results are tabulated feeding techniques.

Indian enterprises are primarily individual owned and subsequently state owned organizations. These organizations over the years have created an organizational culture and climate that is the back bone of the same. This climate in turn reflects the job performance of the employee. It was seen that those who could adjust and work along were able to perform well and those who could not had to leave the organization. There are many private organizations in India where the attrition rate is very low which clearly indicate the organizational climate. In this context, this paper looks into the existing practices in organizations in India and dwells into the earlier practices and a critical evaluation is arrived at. The study was conducted among 400 employees in both public and private sector and the results are provided in this article.

21st century - An era of people being obsessed with technology where everybody is in the rat race of updating oneself with the latest gadgets but grim reality is they are in oblivion of its aftermath. E-waste is wastage generated from electronic and electrical devices. Basically it comprises engineered plastics, polymers, metals and other materials not naturally decomposable. Problem of E-Waste is exponentially increasing day by day as till today we have always been concerned about technological development regardless of the fact that this development too has a negative side. The most depressing fact about it is that 40 to 50 million metric tons of E-waste are generated worldwide every year yet we are not considering it as a serious problem and taking any effective measures on a vast level to decompose or recycle it. This is directly and indirectly causing numerous problems to human life and environment like polluting the land, occupying the space, generating harmful rays and chemicals which are carcinogenic and neurotoxic. It’s high time to work on our shortcomings & the need of the hour is 3R's i.e, REDUCE, REUSE & RECYCLE can lead to less generation and effective management of E-waste. Development should not be demoralized but we should also consider the negative aspects at early stage of development so that it doesn't result in a massive problem as we are facing today.

miRNAs are regulators as they cause mRNA cleavage playing a major role in RNA interference pathway. They have roles in various biological processes. The aim is to study miRNA and their associated genes which further can be associated to drugs in next module to study pharmacogenomics. miRNA mRNA modules were obtained which are combinations of miRNAs and mRNAs that represents similar biological functions. In silico study using GSEA was done.

The use of software has reached even in day to day activities of life. Even going to a restaurant, receiving home-delivery of food. Many start-ups such as Box8, Zomato and Foodpanda have emerged in the restaurant business. In this paper we plan to accomplish major activities in a restaurant such as ordering, billing with the help of technology. We replace paper-based menu with an android application to facilitate the automation of these major activities which will give the restaurant manager to alter the menu. Another aim which our system achieves is giving insight about the customer’s ordering habits and using the obtained knowledge for designing business strategies. For gaining insight about the customer’s behaviour we use the Apriori and k-means clustering algorithms.

The social media has changed the way individuals communicate and how the world conducts business. Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, LinkedIn and many other such platforms have emerged as megaphones. And all these are complimenting and amplifying the performance of other elements of communication mix used by companies. Social media now has become an integral part of integrated communication mix. The appearance of Social Media has gotten amazement, experimentation and customary promoting correspondence. New patterns influenced correspondence as of late, changing the essential angles and demeanors of firms and customers. Numerous organizations trust that their presence on online networking stages is the key fixing to an effective method for action in the web. Be that as it may, these new inclinations involve nearsightedness in procedure for organizations that don't incorporate these devices. From another outlook, it grants of the expansion of promoting correspondence opportunities both in a business-to-business (B2B) and a business-to-customer (B2C) angle. Online networking bolsters firms to reexamine the conventional restricted correspondence stream of their advertising messages. Hence, business performing artists need to consolidate another, intelligent correspondence stream into their promoting system. In such a domain, clients can make, adjust, share and examine a huge piece of substance on the web. In our exploration, our point is to upgrade the importance of online networking marvel as a device, which can affect an organization's execution, deals and notoriety level also. Additionally the organizations are utilizing online networking as a vital device to availability to their customer. Be it HUL,P&G, ITC or some other company, all have embraced social networking advertising as their correspondence blend system.The present paper is an attempt to understand the role of social media in communicating with the target customers through various interactive and engagement strategies used by companies. This paper is an effort to put forth implementation, execution and outcomes generated of some social media marketing strategies used by various brands in different product categories..

Cognitive radio is a program for wireless communication in which a network or wireless node changes its transmission or reception parameters to communicate efficiently with licensed and unlicensed users by avoiding interference. Cognitive radio provides a solution of increasing spectral density by usage of frequency bands that are not heavily occupied by their licensed users. Cognitive radio using ultra wide band (UWB) is one of the best choice because very less interference, dynamically adjustable bandwidth and data rates.

Logic design is in itself bifurcated to- Combinational and Sequential circuits. The later has memory and former doesn’t, so in an advent effort to incorporate memory into a combinational circuit brought in the concept of Finite state machine serial adder.

Milk may contain some harmful microorganisms like bacteria along with some potentially beneficial microbes. Microbiological analysis of milk is carried out to determine the degree of bacterial contamination in milk and to understand the chemical changes brought in milk as a result of microbial action. Pasteurization is done to destroy such harmful bacteria. If pasteurization of milk is not carried out properly there will be presence of larger count of bacteria in the milk. Methylene blue Reduction test is used to detect the presence of bacteria in milk. This test works on the principle that the methylene blue indicator is present in an oxidized form, but in the presence of bacteria, leads to the reduction of this indicator in a comparatively short span of time. The blue color developed on addition of the indicator to the milk will change to white color within a short period indicates the presence of bacteria in the milk and thus denotes improper pasteurization. Milk may contain some harmful microorganisms like bacteria along with some potentially beneficial microbes. Microbiological analysis of milk is carried out to determine the degree of bacterial contamination in milk and to understand the chemical changes brought in milk as a result of microbial action. Pasteurization is done to destroy such harmful bacteria. If pasteurization of milk is not carried out properly there will be presence of larger count of bacteria in the milk. Methylene blue Reduction test is used to detect the presence of bacteria in milk. This test works on the principle that the methylene blue indicator is present in an oxidized form, but in the presence of bacteria, leads to the reduction of this indicator in a comparatively short span of time. The blue color developed on addition of the indicator to the milk will change to white color within a short period indicates the presence of bacteria in the milk and thus denotes improper pasteurization. This paper detects various types of adulteration present in the milk products.

The project aims to supply fresh drinkable water by using solar energy which is abundantly available. It focuses on effective use of solar thermal energy by using CSP (Concentrated Solar Power) technology through parabolic mirrors that will concentrate solar energy on the water container. A parabolic dish will enable to raise the temperature of water to leading to evaporation of water anddeactivation or killing of micro-organisms.

Wireless sensor network consists of wireless sensor nodes equipped with two tiny batteries (AA batteries). As long as the power is there wireless sensor node can take part in transmission and reception of data. When the sensor node depletes all its energy, energy-hole problem, network partition, low data delivery ratio, reduction in network lifetime will also arise. So, there is a need for energy aware routing protocol to increase the data delivery ratio, network connectivity and network lifetime. The proposed approach uses multi hop cluster based wireless sensor network and mobile sink approach for processing the data from wireless sensor network. To implement energy efficiency in routing the information from wireless sensor network to base station mobile sink based RPL routing protocol is proposed.

Water is the most important Nature’s gift to the mankind. Without Water there is no life. Now man understood its importance, especially where water is not easily available. Now this is being managed by the proper manner in city areas where the use of water is more than its availability. This is one of the motivations for this research, to deploy computing techniques in creating a barrier to wastage in order to not only provide more financial gains and energy saving, but also help the environment and water cycle which in turn ensures that we save water for our future. In this paper we have discussed about design and implementation of water level control system which is wireless, automatic, cost effective and reliable. It uses two zigbee transceivers along with a controller each installed at the tank and in the household. Zigbee transceivers are used for wireless communication. It is completely automated with the help of a microcontroller. Installation cost is reduced since the system is wireless. It is reliable because it has no problems arising after installation such as breakage of wire.

Milk is a pale liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals. It is the primary source of nutrition for young mammals before they are able to digest other types of food. Early-lactation milk contains colostrums, which carries the mother's antibodies to its young and can reduce the risk of many diseases. Milk contains many other nutrients and the carbohydrate lactose. An emulsion is a suspension of droplets of one liquid into another liquid. Milk is an emulsion of fat in water. Butter is an emulsion of water in fat. The solute is known as the dispersed phase and the solvent is known as the continuous phase. Other examples of emulsions include margarine, mayonnaise, cream, and salad dressing. A colloidal solution is when matter exists in a state of division in between a true solution, which is sugar in water, and a suspension, which is chalk in water. The characteristics of a colloid are small particle size, electrical charge, and affinity of the particles for water molecules. In milk, the whey proteins are in colloidal solution. This paper detects various types of adulteration present in milk products.

This project is to track vehicular movements on Flyovers/Highways, sensing a vehicle approaching and automatically turning ON Street lights (LED/bulb) ahead of vehicles while the trailing lights are turned OFF. The lights would be OFF in the absence of vehicular presence on the streets. On the other hand, the Intensity of the street lights can be changed dynamically, so as to avoid complete darkness across the area, say 10% intensity can be kept as a default intensity in the absence of vehicles, the same block of street lights switch ON with 100% intensity as vehicle passes by, the trailing lights revert back to 10% intensity again. This kind of intensity control can be achieved by using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) generated by the microcontroller.

Scheduling is one of the most important issues in the planning and operation of manufacturing system, and scheduling has gained much attention increasingly in the recent years. The flexible job shop scheduling problem (JSP) is one of the most difficult problems in this area. It consists of scheduling a set of jobs on a set of machines with the objective to minimize a certain make span time. Each machine is continuously available from time zero, processing one operation at a time without preemption. Each job has a specified processing order on the machine which are fixed and known in advance. Moreover, a processing time is also fixed and known. Different researcher use different algorithms to optimize the make span time. In this paper study has been focused on the different algorithms to optimize the make span time. Now a day’s different algorithms that are used are Genetic Algorithm, Artificial Neural Network, Ant Colony Optimization and Particle Swarm Optimization.

Innovation’s importance has continuously increased and aligns with global business growth, these days every organization focuses on how they will enhance their technological innovation capability. Today challenges are: speedy development of digital world and automation in every filed. The emergence of the intense global competition, considerable technological and knowledge economy and human resources advance have seen innovation become increasingly central to compete. Innovation is the mechanism by which organizations produce the new processes,products and systems required for adapting to changing technologies,markets and modes of competition.Numerous studies have been done in the literature in this context but still there is gap in literature about how any real estate firm can increase their capabilities related to technological innovation. The main objective of this study is do a proper literature review on technological innovation capability evaluation factors and do citation of each factors. To do critical review, the studied 1998 to 2016 have been reviewed.

Information diffusion is common in online social network .There are two different ways of how information reaches a person in a network. Information reaches us through connections in our social networks, as well as through the influence external out-of-network sources, like the mainstream media. Social media provides the means of interactions among people in which they create, share, and exchange information and ideas in virtual communities and networks. Online social networks play a major role in the spread of information at very large scale. Information diffusion is the communication of knowledge over time among members of a social system. Online social networks allow hundreds of millions of Internet users worldwide to produce and consume content. They provide access to a very vast source of information on an unprecedented scale. They also play a major role in the diffusion of information and have proven to be very powerful in many situations, like Facebook during the 2010 Arab spring or Twitter during the 2008 U.S. presidential elections. Still, the raw data produced by users of these networks. Tracking of information diffusion is a Very difficult task but by observing various factor of information diffusion, we can able to track the propagation information and we can predict about information propagation. In this research paper we discuss some issue of data mining in social network and also we go through various model given by different researcher, we analysis these model and short out few weakness for each model. This will help the other researcher for extending their research work.

The object of this experimental study is to investigate the effects of the expansion devices on the performance of a one TR window air conditioner retrofitted with eco friendly alternative refrigerant R-407C. The widow air conditioner applying the expansion devices of a capillary tube, thermostatic expansion valve and electronic expansion valve is tested by varying changing condenser temperature from 400C to 550C, while maintaining evaporator temperature at 60C. The R 22 capillary tube system is utilized as baseline unit for the performance comparison with the R-407C system. The capacity for the R407C EEV system is higher by 10.1% at full charge condition than that for the R22 capillary tube system. The capacity for the R407C EEV system is higher by 10.2% at full charge condition than that for the R407C TEV system. The COP of R407C EEV system is higher by 15.4% and 12.3% than that of R407C capillary tube and thermostatic expansion valve respectively. The final result show an overall better performance of the electronic expansion valve compared with the thermostatic expansion valve and capillary tube.

Our earth is called a blue planet and 4/5 part of earth surface is covered by water, around 97 % World water quantity locked in sea/ocean, only 0.3% is available for human consumption. But today even this is getting polluted due to human activities like mining, industrialization and overpopulation growth has created acute shortage of drinking water. Rain water harvesting is one of the most ancient and easiest method that can be adopted at urban and rural level efficiently. The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of using harvested rainwater as a source of drinking water without causing any health and environmental risks. This can be achieved by adopting suitable storage technique efficient and economical treatment methods. Roof harvested rainwater samples were collected from five different places of Greater Noida, G.B. Nagar U.P., India, during September 2015. The water samples were collected from different sites and stored in containers (good grade plastic) and were analyzed periodically like chlorination, solar disinfections and use of silver nitrate and tests fro and use of silver nitrate and tests for Physiochemical and Biological parameters up to February 2016 as per IS 10500:2012. All the above treatment methods suggested proved to be highly effective in reducing the colonies fro an initial value of around 280 to zero.