Volume VI Issue III

The increase in the use of dyes in industries has caused major problems in the treatment of the industrial effluent. The need to create economically and ecologically sound solutions to this problem has been investigated here. Bio-adsorbent chitosan has shown very promising characteristics in this field. A comparative study of adsorption of aqueous Reactive red dye solution on non-cross linked chitosan beads and ECH cross linked chitosan beads was conducted using batch operations. The extent of adsorption was tested against parameters of time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, rpm and pH. Cross linked beads were found to be more efficient than normal beads. ECH cross linked chitosan beads are visibly more rigid than chitosan beads and they have high stability in acidic medium compared to chitosan beads which disintegrate in acidic medium. A higher initial concentration of dye and pH of 3 was found to be favorable for adsorption. Complete removal of dye was achieved at 3 hours for a dye solution of 100ppm at pH 3. Kinetic rate studies established that the pseudo-second order kinetics was most suited to the adsorption of reactive red onto chitosan beads The Freundlich isotherm was in agreement with the experimental data.

In this paper, an alternative approach to the Wolfe’s method for Quadratic Programming is suggested. Here we proposed a new approach based on the iterative procedure for the solution of a Quadratic Programming Problem by Wolfe’s modified simplex method. The method sometimes involves less or at the most an equal number of iteration as compared to computational procedure for solving NLPP. We observed that the rule of selecting pivot vector at initial stage and thereby for some NLPP it takes more number of iteration to achieve optimality. Here at the initial step we choose the pivot vector on the basis of new rules described below. This powerful technique is better understood by resolving a cycling problem.

When a writer conceives a play or novel he creates a number of characters, but each one with a part to play, a role that is distinct from the others; a prince plays the part of a prince and a fool the part of a fool, though sometimes the prince may talk like a fool and the fool, like a prince yet their roles are different and distinct. Similarly, a clergy man may worry about the safety of his country; but his role is in the church in his parish, in his religious activities, while that of a solider is in his nation’s protection though he may talk about the state of affairs of the church in his country. Just as a politician has no role to play in a school or college, unless he is invited to give a speech on some special occasion, a student too has no major role to play outside the field of his studies. Certainly he has every right to see, assess and understand what is happening around him. .

This paper is concerned with transient thermoelastic problem in which we need to determine the temperature distribution, displacement function and thermal stresses of a semi- infinite rectangular slab when the boundary conditions are known. Integral transform techniques are used to obtain the solution of the problem.

The present water crisis has many components of an environmental, economic and social origin; over uses of water, pollution, changes in availability, and water mismanagement are some of the current problems. To cope with these problems and enhance strategies for long term management, the following programmes and approaches are presented: (a) A watershed approach, integrating research, monitoring, database and management; (b) An improved water governance system based on participation of stakeholders and the public and private sectors; (c) Strategic studies considering water and the economy, water and metropolitan region, water and energy; (d) A framework for international cooperation on shared watersheds; (e) An economic evaluation of water resources services (surface and underground lakes, rivers and reservoirs); (f) A capacity building program for managers, with an integrated, predictive and hydrographic basin approach.

This paper deals with the determination of temperature distribution, displacement function and thermal stresses of a thin rectangular plate with internal heat source. A thin rectangular plate is considered having zero initial temperature and the edges of the plate are maintained at zero temperature whereas the thin rectangular plate is subjected to arbitrary heat supply on the edges y. The governing heat conduction equation has been solved by the method of integral transform technique. The results are obtained in a series form in terms of Bessel’s functions.

Women community leadership will need to be identified and included in committees that may be formed under various sectors, to ensure that women are included in planning for sectors other than social development, such as infrastructure, use of common lands, natural resources and employment..

The proposed modulation technique employs quadrature mixing to achieve transmission of high frequency data over a narrow channel. In this modulation technique, the phase of carrier is varied in accordance with the instantaneous amplitude of the message signal. The message data bits are transformed to an unintelligible form which then modulates a carrier signal. The modulation technique induces probabilistic characteristic over the entire process. The nondeterministic nature of data is enhanced and thereby providing integrity and confidentiality to the data which is transmitted across a channel. Another important feature of this technique is that prediction of the message data bits by observing the modulated signal is foiled due to the use of different phase shifts for 40 symbols. In this technique, the spectrum of modulated signal is translated to be centered at 0 Hz. At the demodulator, the instantaneous amplitude and phase can easily be determined. The major advantage of this digital modulation technique is that, signaling rate, requirement of high frequency carrier and transmission channel bandwidth is reduced to a considerable extent without compromising the transmission capacity and data rate. .

For any Company’s economy, the industry cost, production time, total quality management and waste reduction have great impact. The investments consumed by the company by eradicating non value added production work and time are very important. Focusing on these points Lean Manufacturing tools, a Japanese strategy, is implemented in this work. An apparel industry was studied and the bottleneck areas were identified through Value Stream Mapping (VSM). The bottleneck areas were identified and eliminated by implementing line balancing and parallel working section. The implementation of kaizen resulted in reduction of cycle time by 48.7%.

Climatic changes is uncertain in nature and other changes are not expected to be uniform, rather there may be dramatic regional differences. Considerable effort should be given to understand change in climate at the regional level. Here we had conducted the study to establish the rainfall trends in the Tel river of Kesinga and also to provide the evidence of climate change by analyzing available rainfall record for 11years period from 2003 to 2013. Records of monthly rainfall were obtained from the CWC station at Kesinga for analysis. Graphs were constructed to illustrate the changing trends within the months of the study area. From the graphs the highest and lowest amount of rainfall was obtainedand the variation in rainfall was studied. The mean, median, standard deviation, variance of rainfall data of each month was obtained to know the variation in 11 years of data. Trend analysis is parametric type, i.e. linear regression analysis revealed positive and negative trend in some months.

Multipliers are the fundamental components in many digital signal processing systems. Many important signal processing systems are designed on VLSI platform as the integration growing rapidly. The signal processing systems & applications requires large computational capability, hence takes considerable amount of energy. In the VLSI system design performance, area and power consumption are three important parameters, of which power consumption is the gets prime importance. In today’s world, power consumption is very important factor. The largest contribution to the power consumption in multiplier is due to generation and reduction of partial products. So it is very much important to know the efficiency of different multipliers. This paper represents a detailed comparison between array multiplier, Wallace multiplier, Dadda multiplier, modified array multiplier on the basis of speed, area, power consumption using verilog simulation.

I. INTRODUCTION The variety of life on Earth, its biological diversity is commonly referred to as biodiversity. The number of species of plants, animals and micro-organism, the enormous diversity of genes in these species, the different ecosystems on the planet, such as deserts, rain forests and coral reefs are all part of biologically diverse Earth (Shah, 2014). Biodiversity is the source of most of human needs and ironically human life on the earth depends only upon few narrow spectrums of those species of plants life which provides our entire food (Khan et al., 2012).

Day by day the demand of electricity increases, due to growing population & commercialization. The power consumption is more than generation by conventional method. Hence, hydroelectricity exist as one of the option to meet the growing demand for energy by nonconventional method. The performance of hydro turbine is strongly influence by the characteristic of water inertia. So in this paper we are attempting the way of micro generation of hydropower for domestic purpose.

A Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is self-organizing, decentralized and infrastructure-less wireless network. The successful transmission of the data packet depends on the complete cooperation of each node in the network. These types of network don’t have permanent base station, so each node in the network acts as a router. Due to openness, decentralized, self-organizing nature of MANET, it is vulnerable to various attacks. So security is the main concern in MANET. In this project, we have considered 2 attacks; Vampire attack and DDoS attacks. Vampire attack drains the energy of the nodes. DDoS attack exhausts the resources available to a network, such that the node cannot provide any services. Here, we discuss methods 2 methods as a solution to our problem; one is to prevent the attack from happening and other to detect and recover from the attacks.

National Aluminum Company, a profit making public sector had an incentive scheme earlier under which the incentive amount payable to the employees of NALCO, Angul (Orissa), was based on their wages not on their performance. More over the employees without full presence in the plant were getting the same incentive amount as that of employees with full presence i.e. nil absent employees. Hence an attempt is made in the revised incentive scheme to reduce absenteeism; through introduction of productivity based group incentive scheme. This study is an attempt to do a comparative analysis of the earlier and newly introduced incentive scheme at NALCO, Angul. The objective analysis clearly indicates that the newly introduced incentive scheme not only helped in improving productivity and performance but also in reducing the absenteeism of employees significantly.

Polynomial Division is a most common numerical operation experienced in many filters and similar circuits next to multiplication, addition and subtraction. Due to frequent use of such components in mobile and other communication applications, a fast polynomial division would improve overall speed for many such applications. This project is to design, develop and implement an efficient polynomial divider algorithm, along with the circuit. Next its output performance result is verified using Verilog simulation. A literature survey on the normal division algorithms currently used by ALU’s to perform division for large numbers, yielded Booth’s algorithm, Restoring and Non-restoring algorithm. Verilog simulation of these algorithms were used to derive efficiency in terms of the timing characteristics, required chip area and power dissipation. Initially, performance analysis of the existing algorithms was done based on the simulated outputs. Later similar analysis with the updated polynomial divider circuit is performed.

Nanocoating can help to improve performance and life of automotive engine by reducing the wear between the engine components. In this research have selected the proper material for top piston ring and same material are to be selected for preparation of pin for tribometer testing and material of cylinder liner tested and fabricated the same material of tribometer disc. Nanocoating by electroplated Chromium coating and Chromium nitride using DLC method by PVD coating was done on specimen pin and piston ring and this material which was used tribometer testing. Depleting fossil fuel resources, economic competitiveness and environmental concerns has compelled to explore newer avenues to improve efficiency of automotive engines. Various techniques have been adapted to achieve this goal.

Computation is now regarded as an equal and indispensable partner, along with theory and experiment, in the advance of scientific knowledge and engineering practice. Numerical simulation enables the study of complex systems and natural phenomena that would be too expensive or dangerous, or even impossible, to study by direct experimentation. The quest for ever higher levels of detail and realism in such simulations requires enormous computational capacity, and has provided the impetus for dramatic breakthroughs in computer algorithms and architectures. Due to these advances, computational scientists and engineers can now solve large-scale problems that were once thought intractable. Computational science and engineering (CSE) is a rapidly growing multidisciplinary area with connections to the sciences, engineering, and mathematics and computer science. CSE focuses on the development of problem-solving methodologies and robust tools for the solution of scientific and engineering problems. We believe that CSE will play an important if not dominating role for the future of the scientific discovery process and engineering design. The computation science is now being used widely for environmental engineering calculations. The behavior of environmental engineering systems and processes can be studied with the help of computation science and understanding as well as better solutions to environmental engineering problems can be obtained.