Volume XIII Issue III

This paper presents human heart stabilization using mathematical based with Proportional Integral and Derivative (PID) controller. In order to improve the Hydro Electromechanical System (HEMS) of human heart models found in prior studies, the present paper introduced a PID model that integrates a low pass filter (F) to give a PIDF that provides control signal to adjust the heartbeat rate if it is disturbed and to command the cardiovascular system. The entire system was built and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The heartbeat model has been applied for steady state study of cardiovascular system when a disease attacks the heart. The result obtained proves the effectiveness of the developed control strategy. Simulation result revealed that the introduction of the PIDF controller ensured the stabilization of the heart to its right working state when compared to the heartbeat response of normal heartbeat.

The data note shares the blood sugar level data stored in a depository and makes it findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable to researchers who are interested in modelling Type 2 diabetes data. The researcher collected quantitative data at 8am for the selected 45 days using an SD Code free Blood Sugar Meter from 23 October 2020 to 20 May 2022, a total of 574 days. The blood sugar levels were measured in millimoles of sugar per litre (mmol/L). The research also analysed the 5 data points that were recorded during the diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes on 28 September 2018 at Mutare Health Gate pharmacy in Zimbabwe. The benchmarks used were 5.0 – 7.2 mmol/L before meals, less than 10 mmol/L after 1 – 2 hours of meals, and 5.0 – 8.3 at bedtime. The findings from the data show that the designed data analysis template detected the absence of Type 2 diabetes in the researcher’s blood. The average and the standard deviation of the blood sugar level data are5.964 mmol/L and 0.5335 mmol/L respectively. The maximum and minimum data points are 4.6 mmol/L and 7.0 mmol/L respectively. One lesson from the findings is that Type 2 diabetes can be managed to complete remission if the patient is assisted by health specialists such as pharmacists, family doctors, diabetologists, and dieticians. The findings from the blood sugar level data led to the suggestion of tips and hints on how to manage Type 2 diabetes in adults.

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) within the context of Industry 4.0, emphasizing its transformative impact on various industries and its specific applications in energy consumption forecasting for sustainable energy management. Beginning with a historical perspective on industrial evolution, from automation to the current cyber-physical systems era, the review highlights the pivotal role of AI in reshaping manufacturing processes. The article explores the diverse applications of AI in the energy sector, particularly its effectiveness in short-term load forecasting, demand response optimization, and accurate predictions for renewable energy sources like solar and wind. The growing complexity of power systems due to decentralization and the proliferation of grid-connected devices is discussed, underscoring the importance of effective information exchange facilitated by AI. Additionally, the review delves into various models used for energy forecasting, including supervised learning models, artificial neural networks, and deep learning models. The practical applications of AI in power system control, management, energy market pricing, and policy recommendations are outlined, showcasing its potential in optimizing energy efficiency and balancing electricity production and consumption. The practical examples of AI's role in improving predictions of supply and demand, such as Google's subsidiary DeepMind enhancing wind power output forecasts, highlight the real-world impact of these technologies. However, the abstract also acknowledges existing challenges, including insufficient theoretical background, practical expertise, and financial constraints hindering widespread AI adoption in the energy industry. In conclusion, the article offers valuable insights into the current state, challenges, and potential of AI in forecasting energy consumption, providing a roadmap for sustainable energy management across diverse industries.

The rise of smart farming, driven by technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), has opened up new possibilities in agriculture. However, it has also brought about significant security challenges. This study aims to address the need for a comprehensive security system designed specifically for smart farms. The authors developed this system using camera technology, Arduino microcontrollers, vibration sensors, and the SIM900A SIM module. It enhances intrusion detection, provides precise location tracking, and enables real-time incident reporting through Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) alerts and Short Message Service (SMS). By capturing visual data and leveraging vibration sensors, it offers an effective means of identifying security threats. Importantly, the SIM900A module ensures swift communication, even in remote agricultural areas. This research helps fill the gap in smart farm security, offering a practical and scalable solution to protect assets and data in the evolving landscape of digital agriculture.

Background: Burnout syndrome is a psychosomatic state which can result from prolonged exposure to job stressors, capable of leading to negative self-concept, job dissatisfaction and lack of communication with the client, University academic staff are exposed to high demands of work and sometimes in a not ideal facility which may increase their risk for burnout syndrome. Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between Burnout syndrome, stress, job satisfaction and the socio-demographic profiles of lecturers in College of Medical sciences, University of Benin, Benin City. Methods: Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit 89 participants. Asocio-demographic questionnaire, the MBI-ES, PSS-14 and JSS questionnaire were administered. Descriptive statistics of mean, frequency and standard deviation were used to summarize the data. Spearman rank test was used to test the relationship between components of burnout,stress, job satisfaction scores and some socio-demographic and working profiles of the participants and T-test analysis was used to test for the differences between burnout,stress, job satisfaction and gender. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: A total of 89 participants were recruited with mean age and years of experience 47.9+8.78, 15.9+7.49 respectively. More than half were Male 50(56.2%). The significant level of socio-demographic profile (age, gender, experience, rank and educational level) and level of burnout, stress and job satisfaction were (p=0.61, 0.24, 0.35, 0.04 and 0.39), (p=0.24, 0.90, 0.32, 0.12 and 0.09) and (p=0.81, 0.52, 0.93, 0.53 and 0.24) respectively. The values showed no significant relationship. Conclusion: The findings showed no statistically significant relationship between level of burnout, stress, job satisfaction and socio-demographic data, but there are significant differences between burnout syndrome, stress, job satisfaction and gender. These parameters did not affect the level of burnout stress and satisfaction among the lecturers.

This paper discusses an investigation of the ability of investment casting to manufacture rotor turbine blades using scrap materials. The manufacture of stainless steel of 17-4 PH is chosen to demonstrate alloying processes using the scrap materials. The alloying of stainless steel is performed using material balancing technique to match the standard chemical composition of stainless steel 17-4PH.The mechanical properties of the prototype of stainless steel 17-4PH is tested using the uniaxial tensile test machine to obtain the tensile stress and the Brinell impact test is carried out to evaluate the hardness of the material obtained. To evaluate the quality of the casting of the turbine blade obtained, the X-ray radiography of the turbine blade prototype is performed. The result obtained in this study shown that it is possible to have recycled stainless steel 17-4PH to be used in producing turbine blades.

Due to the development of technology and social media, people now spend an increasing amount of time communicating on these platforms. The social media platform TikTok has been popular among young people worldwide. The study aims to identify the benefits and applications of TikTok among young people in Kumasi, Ghana. The study is supported by the influence theory as well as the use and pleasure theories. The ideas are important to this study because they help explain how TikTok could alter young people in Kumasi’s beliefs, attitudes, and behaviours. The study also put a lot of effort into reading books and articles about the research variables. This is because by researching the uses and gratifications of TikTok among young people in Kumasi, the study may add to the greater body of literature on social media use and its implications on young people’s lives. The study’s focus is the quantitative method. In the other research, descriptive and inferential statistics will be used to analyze the data and provide a report. It is effective for using deductive reasoning to explain a particularly intriguing event.

The lack of farmer contributions to agricultural production in Cameroon, as in most developing countries, has prompted farmers to seek different options to ensure household food security and maximize farm income. Therefore, in trying to find models for survival and the pursuit of growth, farmers draw their resources from all available places, through both formal and informal farming systems by doing so; they can no longer keep pace with agricultural production thus affecting their livelihood. This study specifically identified the socio-economic characteristics of farmer organizations and its effect on their livelihood. The data was elicited via survey questionnaire administered on the sample of 114 registered and 88 unregistered farmer organizations, which comprised of common initiative groups and cooperatives giving a total sample of 202. Using cluster-sampling approach, proximity villages were grouped into four clusters of villages and purposive sampling was used to selected members of the organisations to participate in the study. The objective of the study was achieved using ordinary least square regression estimation techniques. The result revealed that socio-economic characteristic of farmers has a negative significant effect on the livelihood of farmers’ organization due to inadequate capital, low level of education, inadequate farming experience, inadequate income, inadequate farm size and the type of technology used for farming. Based on the finding this study recommends that the government should organize training programs, seminars, subsidize farm inputs, grant agricultural loans to farmers, initiate, and support mechanized agriculture to boast the agricultural sector hence improve the livelihood of farmers organisations.

A delineation of aquiferous zones in some parts of Umuahia and Uzuakoli environs was carried out using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES). A total of fourteen (14) VES data were acquired at different locations. Cross sections of the VES data were interpreted and correlated along profiles. The results showed that sands constitute the aquifer units while clay and shale made up the aquiclude. Aquifer units occur at shallow depths in some places such as Ibeku, Umule, Ohuhu, at 9m to 30m with thickness range of 9 m to 50m while some places such as Isingwu, Nkpa, Amachara, Ubakala, Lohum, Etitulo Bende areas have deep aquifer units with the depth to the top of aquifer ranging from 40m to 115m and the aquifer thickness ranges from 17m to 102m.The degree of the relationship of the aquifer parameters were investigated using some statistical analysis in which the coefficient of correlation between depth and resistivity is 0.6; From the analysis, it has been ascertained that there exist shallow and deep aquifer systems within the Ameki Formation and the depth to the top of these aquifers are in range of 40 m to 115m. The deep aquifer systems except the shallow units are confined. Recommended total drill depth (TDD) to guide a successful water borehole prospecting in the area should be 140m in the North, 180m in the south and west flank of the study area.

The aim of this research is to develop a system that can automatically detect and classify seven different types of dry bean seeds using data captured by a high-resolution camera. This system can help farmers determine the quality of their crop and optimize production. It can also be used for other agricultural applications, such as identifying defects or pests. The system will use a combination of image processing techniques, such as color segmentation and feature extraction, and machine learning algorithms, such as support vector machines and decision trees, to accurately classify bean seeds into their corresponding categories. The system will be evaluated using a dataset of images of bean seeds and the results will be compared to those obtained by human experts. The performance of the system will be measured in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The developed system will provide a more accurate and efficient way to classify bean seeds, which will lead to improved decision making in agriculture. In addition, the techniques used in this system can be applied to other agricultural applications, such as fruit and vegetable recognition.

Embracing, maximizing and capitalizing on workplace diversity has become an important asset for management today (Elsaid, 2018). Cultivating diversity at the work place should be on the top of every organizations priority list as it has organization wide gains that ensure competitive advantage. Workforce diversity is a concept that has been in existence since time in memorial and keeps growing. It involves reviewing the sameness and differences among people in a working environment in terms of their age, ethnic inclination, gender and academic background (Mwatumwa, 2016). Due to emerging issues like migration and the world becoming a global village, diversity among staff is more extent than before (Erasmus, 2017). Christian (2016) in their study found out that the non-majority staff force in America is hoped to increase from 16.6% in 2000 to over 25.1% in 2050. Skill set diversity is all about including differences in ideas and interventions to ensure safe and inclusive places of work without prejudice alongside levels academic qualification or exposure. The goal of this initiative is to prioritize fulfilling the needs of the clientele being served and not individual staff egos (Alvin, 2019). This study shall interrogate diversity in terms of religious, ethnic, and socio-economic diversity.

Fish is a very popular source of protein among Nairobi County residents, however; pollution of fish habitat with heavy metals has led to accumulation of these metals in the different parts of fish including the edible parts. This study aimed to analyze Tilapia fish for metals and further extended to compare their concentrations with the permissible limits by international standards bodies like the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO). The study also involved trace/essential metals analysis. Samples were collected from two points Muthurwa market (for fresh Tilapia fish being prepared for hotel consumption) and Navias supermarket (frozen tilapia fish from Lake Victoria). Analysis for heavy metals was done using the Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) instrument (spectra AA-6300) and concentrations were determined as follows. For fresh Tilapia fish concentrations in mg/kg were; Pb (0.21± 0.08), Ni (0.45±0.10), Cu (0.45±0.10), Fe (0.68±0.47), Mn (0.12± 0.01), Mg (2.54± 0.10) and Zn (0.43± 0.04). For frozen fish, results were; Pb (0.22±0.13), Ni (0.32±0.05), Cu (0.04±0.02), Fe (0.92±0.10), Mn (0.11±0.05), Mg (1.58±0.16) and Zn (0.26± 0.01). Cadmium levels were found to be below the detection limits of the instrument. Fresh tilapia fish recorded high concentrations in almost all the metals when compared to frozen tilapia fish except for the Pb and Fe which were more in frozen than fresh fish, probably due to the different habitat characteristics from which the samples were obtained. Generally fresh tilapia fish contained higher levels of the metals with magnesium recording the highest concentration of the metals analyzed. All the results fell within the permissible limits of most references made with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 1989. The study further recommended that future studies should be done in other parts of Nairobi County that the research did not extend to ascertain the safety of the fish consumed by Nairobi County residents. The study further recommended that future studies should be done in other parts of Nairobi County that the research did not extend to ascertain the safety of the tilapia fish consumed by Nairobi County residents.