Volume 13 Issue 6

The concept of truth table is based on the content to analyze in teaching and learning logical reasoning and logic gate, which is a visual representation of possible combination of input and output information of Boolean prepositions in logical reasoning and Boolean functions in logic gate plotted into a table. It adopts Boolean algebra for problem solving as a method or science of reasoning, or ability to argue and convince. In the teaching and learning processes of logic, formal and informal reasoning tasks are used in a variety of ways, including using symbols and entirely in plain language without symbols where symbolic logics are commonly referred to as mathematical logic. This paper therefore considers the Use of Truth Table, Logical Reasoning and Logic Gate in Teaching and Learning Process It highlighted the benefits of using the truth table and compared logical reasoning and logic gate connectives and concluded that, there exist similarities, differences and peculiarities in the interactive features of the content of the truth table. The paper suggested that teachers should vividly state the similarities, differences and peculiarities in the interactive features of truth table in logical reasoning and logic gate while incorporating thought in teaching and learning process to avoid confusion.

The flood of resumes in today’s talent acquisition landscape makes it difficult for hiring managers and recruiters to find qualified applicants quickly. This study presents an innovative method to integrate artificial intelligence techniques into a custom application to expedite the resume screening process. The program increases the effectiveness of recruitment workflows by a webapp that can be created to take inputs in form of pdf or csv format from the user and screens the resume. The development of a prototype application is the first step in the research methodology. It is then thoroughly verified and analyzed.

Entrepreneurship is a catalyst for the economic prosperity of countries through wealth creation and employment generation. The high unemployment rate in Nigeria is more pronounced among female graduates. As a result, numerous research and government interventions to address this scenario were initiated, but female graduate unemployment still rises at alarming rate. This has been attributed to the lack of intention of female students toward entrepreneurial activities. Thus, this study investigated entrepreneurship education and STEM and entrepreneurial competencies of female students. Three hypotheses were used. The study utilised the quantitative method and survey design based on a cross-sectional time horizon. The collected data from a sample size of 37 female students of estate management in Plateau State Polytechnic. The study also utilised the systematic review and conceptual secondary evidence, by reviewing and analysing 30 recent articles and using SPSS to generate simple percentages, descriptive statistics and simple linear regression model. Results revealed a positive and significant relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention majorly among social science students. On this premise, a conceptual framework was developed with STEM competencies as moderator to fill the knowledge gap. The conceptual framework reiterates the need to assess moderating effects of STEM conpetencies based on socio-emotional skills, multi-literacy skills, and knowledge-thinking skills among female estate management students of Plateau State Polytechnic and this showed a moderate positive and significant relationship. Based on the findings, the institutions of higher learning should improve the quality of entrepreneurship education by leveraging on course content enrichment, pedagogical flexibility, and extracurricular activities to strengthen TVET EI of female students.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), characterized by their openness, dynamism, and lack of infrastructure, are highly susceptible to a range of attacks due to their ad hoc nature. Routing, being a pivotal process within WSNs, relies heavily on the contribution of intermediary nodes, thereby accentuating the network's vulnerability to black and gray hole attacks. This work has proposed a Sorensen Trust and Invasive Weed based Wireless Network optimization (STIWWNO) model that estimates the confidence of the network with the social Sorensen trust evaluation function. Once the network knows the nodes trust then cluster centers selection makes easy and safe for routing of sensed data. Packet node path were generate by the invasive weed optimization genetic algorithm. Experiments were conducted under various network conditions, including different node counts and area sizes, to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results of these experiments demonstrated that the use of the proposed Sorensen function, combined with the invasive weed optimization technique, significantly enhances the lifespan of the network. The adaptive nature of IWO allows the network to respond effectively to changes in node positions, ensuring sustained performance and energy efficiency. By applying this combined approach, the network can dynamically adjust to varying conditions, maintain optimal performance, and extend the operational life of the WSN.

This work presents the design and construction of a smart energy theft detector on distribution lines. The escalating challenge of power theft within distribution lines necessitates innovative solutions to safeguard the integrity of power distribution networks. Atmega328-P, Arduino-uno Micro-processor was interphase with Bluetooth module to detect energy theft. Proteus professional software was deployed to determine the functionality of the smart energy theft detector. The work was tested and the result obtained showed a stand-alone system capable of detecting energy theft on different phases of the distribution network. The information sent to the utility operator’s liquid crystal display (LCD) indicates theft detected on either red, blue or yellow phase.     

Abstract: Depression is a major mental health problem that affects millions globally, causing significant emotional distress and impacting quality of life. With the pervasive use of social media platforms, individuals often express their thoughts and emotions through online posts, comments, and tweets, presenting an opportunity to study and detect depressive language patterns. This research utilized the dataset from Kaggle between December 2019 and December 2020, which originated largely from India. This paper presents a novel approach for detecting depressive sentiment in online discourse using Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning techniques. The study aims to develop an automated system capable of accurately identifying depressive comments and tweets, facilitating early intervention and support for individuals potentially struggling with mental health challenges. The proposed methodology will be rigorously evaluated using standard performance metrics, including precision, recall, F1- score, and ROC curve. The study will also conduct qualitative analyses to gain insights into the types of textual patterns and linguistic cues most indicative of depressive sentiment. The results of our study are promising, with a maximum validation accuracy of 0.88 demonstrating the model's ability to classify depressive and non-depressive comments and tweets accurately. The outcomes of this research have significant implications for mental health monitoring and intervention strategies. By accurately detecting depressive sentiment in online discourse, healthcare professionals and support services can proactively reach out to individuals exhibiting potential signs of depression, fostering early intervention and improving overall mental health outcomes.

Abstract: The study delves into the intricacies of IT Governance, Risk, and Compliance (IT GRC) in modern organisations, emphasising its significance amidst evolving regulatory landscapes and increased reliance on IT systems. IT GRC is an integrated framework combining IT governance, risk management, and compliance, ensuring alignment with business goals, mitigating risks, and adhering to regulations. The paper outlines the theoretical foundation of IT GRC and highlights the challenges and gaps in the current literature, underscoring the need for further research and understanding. It discusses the components and importance of IT GRC, illustrating how effective implementation enhances operational efficiency and reduces vulnerability to threats. Key frameworks such as COBIT and ISO 27001 are examined for their roles in establishing IT GRC standards. The study also explores the challenges in implementing IT GRC systems, recommending best practices for successful integration. Emerging technologies and future trends in IT GRC are analysed, projecting the domain's evolution in response to dynamic business environments. The research underscores modern organisations' need to adopt a holistic and integrated approach to IT GRC, aligning it with broader corporate governance to achieve sustainable performance and compliance.

Abstract: The bulk integration of renewable energy sources into the power grid brings about fresh challenges in grid protection, notably in the modification of fault levels. Also, the intermittent nature of renewable energy source inputs makes it challenging for traditional protection methods like overcurrent and distance relays to reliably safeguard these systems. This study introduces an Independent Component Analysis-Support Vector Machine-based protection system tailored to tackle the protection issues arising from renewable energy integration. This method was developed and tested on a 50kV 180km transmission line that was highly penetrated with solar photovoltaics, simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulations were conducted for different fault types, signal noise levels, and fault resistances. The simulation results were then compared with the results of other methods published in available literature. The accuracy of the Independent Component Analysis-Support Vector Machine algorithm in determining the location of faults for the different scenarios was above 99.7%. The fault classification accuracy ranged between 99% and 100% for different levels of signal to noise ratio. Although the method is not as accurate when applied to power systems with high penetration of renewable energy sources as opposed to when applied to conventional power systems, the simulation results are satisfactory since they are higher than 99% which is the accuracy threshold for fault location and classification.

Abstract: The integration of Industry 4.0 technologies within the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector aligns with broader industrial objectives, aiming to enhance productivity and adaptability while meeting challenging standards for product quality and diversity while maximizing efficiency. However, this shift is not risk-free. This particularly concerns the well-being of workers which is one of the top concerns shared by manufacturers. As the industry navigates this transition, it is imperative to prioritize the safety of personnel. The rapid pace of technological innovation within pharmaceutical manufacturing carries significant implications, introducing new and emerging risks. Consequently, proactive identification and assessment of these potential threats are essential to effectively mitigate their impact and ensure preparedness for forthcoming changes. To address this gap, this study provides an approach for identifying potential sources and significant factors contributing to its increasing risks in implementing Industry 4.0 in manufacturing industries. This set of sources and factors was evaluated in a medium-sized pharmaceutical manufacturing company aided by TICHNER and HIRAC Tools through a mixed-method approach. The combination of these tools facilitates the identification, characterization, and analysis of new and emerging risks associated with Industry 4.0 implementation. The findings of the study showed that Psychosocial Hazards and Work Experience/ Knowledge are the most common potential sources of Psychological Risks, Unemployment, and Need for Qualified Workers. The approach will allow manufacturers to proactively manage the new and emerging challenges brought by Industry 4.0 and safeguard the well-being of the workforce.

Abstract: Graphic presentation is very important in modern Interior spaces and becoming one of the main means of building spatial experiences. Visual comfort plays a critical role in creating a positive atmosphere for customers, manipulating their overall experience and the engagement with space. While various elements contribute to visual comfort, the use of graphic language on the walls gained attention as a powerful tool for creating visually appealing and engaging environments. Through an extensive review of literature, this research examines the impact of graphic language, including patterns, texture, and imagery, on visual comfort in Commercial spaces. This research analyzes the use of graphic language on the walls of various types of fast-food restaurants in the Sultanate of Oman to understand the efficiency of different graphic elements in enhancing visual comfort. Furthermore, the research investigates the psychological and perceptual factors underlying the positive effects of graphic language, including the influence on mood, attention, and cognitive processing. The findings suggest that well designed graphic language on walls can considerably contribute to the visual comfort of customers, advancing a sense of relaxation, stimulation, and emotional connection. The paper concludes by highlighting the practical implication for designers, architects, and business owners, stressing the significance of thoughtfully integrating graphic language on the walls to craft visually pleasing and comfortable commercial environments. Employing the power of graphic language facilitates businesses to enhance their customers’ visual journey, resulting in enhanced satisfaction, stronger brand commitment, and overall success in the competitive market.

Abstract: This research work explored the application of Critical Path Analysis (CPA) in the production cycle of broiler chickens, aimed at identifying bottlenecks and inefficiencies that could be mitigated to enhance productivity and profitability. Broiler chicken production, a critical component of the global agricultural sector, demands efficient management of various stages, including breeding, hatching, growing, and processing, to meet the increasing demand for poultry meat. The research utilized CPA, a time-tested project management tool traditionally applied in construction and manufacturing industries, to map out the critical and non-critical activities within the broiler production cycle. By identifying the longest path through these sequential activities, the study highlighted the minimum time required for a complete production cycle and pinpointed stages where delays could extend overall production time. This approach allowed for the precise identification of bottlenecks that impede productivity, such as the brooding phase and health management practices, which are critical for ensuring the growth and survival of broiler chickens.

Abstract: In this work, we determine all non-negative integers solution  to the exponential Diophantine equation .  The mathematical process bases on several theorems in Number theory, including the modular arithmetic, Divisibility and the Division Algorithm.  The solution set to the equation is .  

Abstract: Green infrastructure provides physical aesthetics, healthier and quality environment for urban settlements globe. However, many urban centres in the third world countries are deprived the benefits of green infrastructure and subjected to unhealthy conditions that endanger human safety, land uses and the entire ecological system of both macro and micro environment due to poor planning and government policies. This research therefore, compared the effect of green infrastructure alteration on the physical environment of two major cities (Port Harcourt and Calabar) Nigeria. The study sampled 6 green zones and 250 residents for both cities under investigation while Duncan Multiple Comparism analysis (DMCA), mathematical percentage (MP) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was adopted as the statistical analysis implements. The findings established that calabar benefits from green infrastructure that improves the city aesthetics and other aspect of the environment through proper physical planning and government policies than Port Harcourt city of Nigeria at (P<0.05). In furtherance, the study revealed that usage understanding, budget constraint, wrong cost benefit analysis, and poor environmental management and maintenance strategies were identified as the key determinants of naturally retained and planned green infrastructure alteration in both cities, and discovered that, the city of Calabar was built on smart and resilient development strategies than Port Harcourt metropolis of Nigeria.  The study recommended that town planning authorities should be charge with the responsibilities of smart and resilient city building through green infrastructure development and avoidance of informal alteration of such infrastructure. Also, suggested the need for frequent acquisition of data on green infrastructure development and inclusion in all land use development.

Abstract: Eremocitrus glauca is a desert plant that is sources to the plant genetic resources for citrus, because these plants are resistant cultivars to some enemy mainly in the tropical region. Isolated protoplast culture media supplemented with  to 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP) maintaining under the light intensity range 13.23. mol/m2/s1 to 70.8 mol/m2/s1 sigificantly effect to plating effisiensy protoplasts, globular somatic embryos, and plant regeneration of Eremocitrus glauca. The temperature emission and light illumination  are applicate to cells has implicated to cell recovery and formation of somatic embryos.  2iP and environment factors increased the health cell from enzyms stress,  grow and developed rapidly.  In vitro temperature for somatic embryo formation in cultures is achieved on 25oC in corporations with 0.1 mg/l, 2 iP and  more likely in pattern linear, with equation  Y = 0,7336x + 4,1894, R2 = 0.8172. The same patern is also accur to ligh illumination.  Attractive conclusion that light and temperature must be well to do on  plant physiology and chemistry. The sequence from isolated protoplast to cell recovery, formation of somatic embryos and plant or shoot regeneration  under control of media, plant growht regulators and environment factors has establish in Eremocitrus glauca. Forturmore the gene tranfer from this species has been easily.  

Abstract: The mining industry, despite its contributions to the economy of many countries, including developing ones, has caused significant damage to the environment. In this study, gold tailings were used as a potential alternative for natural sand in brick manufacturing. The materials and bricks made from these materials were evaluated both mechanically and environmentally, through particle size distribution, water absorption, compressive strength, and leaching characteristics. The results showed that the particle size of gold tailings was less than 2 mm, with a high percentage of silicon dioxide (71.8%). The compressive strength of the bricks made from gold tailings replacements ranged from 11.67 to 22.33 MPa, with the most promising strength being in T25% replacement. In terms of environmental leaching, the study revealed that most gold tailings replacements did not show any metal leaching, and the levels of metals detected were significantly low. There fore, this study concluded that using gold tailings as a replacement for natural sand in construction industries is a viable and promising alternative. This practice can reduce the disposal of gold tailings on mine sites, contributing to a more sustainable mining industry