00
Days
00
Hrs
00
Min
00
Sec
Submit Your Paper

Estimation of Excess Lifetime Cancer Risks at the Niger Delta University Sculpture Garden, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Authors

Biere, Peter E

Department of Physics, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria (NG)

Aluko, Tolulope O.

Department of Physics Education, Federal College of Education (Tech.) Akoka, Lagos State, Nigeria (NG)

Emumejaye, Kugbere

Department of Physics, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Nigeria (NG)

Article Information

DOI: 10.51583/IJLTEMAS.2025.1401023

Subject Category: Physics

Volume/Issue: 14/1 | Page No: 216-221

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2025-02-17

Published: 2025-02-17

Abstract

The exposure rates at the Niger Delta University sculpture gardens have been measured and excess lifetime cancer risk has also been determined. Measurement of exposure rate was carried out in a total of twenty points around the garden using a portable hand-held radiation detector, radalert 100X. Results show averages of exposure rate, absorbed dose, annual effective dose and excess lifetime cancer risk as 0.012 mRh-1, 107.9 nGyh-1, 0.132 mSvy-1 and 0.162 x 10-3 respectively. All averages, except for absorbed dose rate, were below world average. The results show low radiation level in the materials used in sculptures at the garden. However, this low level can pose specific health risks after prolonged exposure. There is the need to begin to apply caution in the consideration of materials used for building the sculptures so as to avoid the introduction of radioactive elements into the garden. Conclusively. the study suggests that the Niger Delta University sculpture garden is relatively safe for public use.

Keywords

exposure rate, sculpture garden, excess lifetime cancer risk

Downloads

References

1. Akpoveta, O.V, Osakwe, S. A, Okoh, B. E, Otuya, B.O, (2010). Physicochemical Characteristics and Levels of Some Heavy Metals in Soils around Metal Scrap Dumps in Some Parts of Delta State, Nigeria, Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, Vol. 14 (4) 57- 60, DOI:10.4314/jasem.v14i4.63258 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Aluko, T. O, Babatunde, P & Jimoh, O. E, (2023). Preliminary Assessment of Natural Radioactivity and Absorbed Doses from Soil Samples around Riverine Schools in Lagos, Nigeria. International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 10 Issue 05, ISSN (Online) 2348 – 7968 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Baeyens, A. et al. (2023). Basic Concepts of Radiation Biology. In: Baatout, S. (eds) Radiobiology Textbook. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18810-7_2 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Beck, K. Charles, Haaf, Ernst ten, Crook, Keith A.W., Schwab, Frederick L., Folk, Robert Louis, and Bissell, Harold J. (2024). Sedimentary rock. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/sedimentary-rock [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Biere, P. E., Bamidele, L., Ajetunmobi, A. E., Emumejaye, K. (2024). Assessment of Radiological Risks in Sections of Niger Delta University campus, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, PHYSICS Access, Vol 04, Issue 01, https://doi.org/10.47514/phyaccess.2024.4.1.001 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Buciuman, N., Dasu, A., & Marcu, L.G. (2024). Dosimetric evaluation of intensity modulated photon versus proton reirradiation of head and neck cancer. Physica medica: PM: an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology: official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics, 123, 103427. DOI:10.1016/j.ejmp.2024.103427 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Dorrik, A.V.S, & Melissa, J, (2000). Deep-water massive sands: nature, origin and hydrocarbon implications, Marine and Petroleum Geology, Vol. 17, Issue 2, 145-174, ISSN 0264-8172, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0264-8172(99)00051-3. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Gilmore, J. (2020). Material, Medium, and Sculptural Imagining. Philosophy of Sculpture, 149–164. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429462573-9 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Hosam M. S and Amal I. H, (2023). Introductory Chapter: Exploring the Multifaceted Applications of Gamma Rays in Science…,Intechopen, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1003964 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. IAEA, (2004). Radiation, People and the Environment, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. IAEA, (2024). Radiation in Everyday Life, Factsheets, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. ICRP, (2007). Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Publication 103, [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. ICRP, (2019). Radiological protection from naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) in industrial processes. ICRP Publication 142. Ann. ICRP 48(4). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Mavragani, I.V., Nikitaki, Z., Kalospyros, S.A. and Georgakilas, A.G., (2019). Ionizing Radiation and Complex DNA Damage: From Prediction to Detection Challenges and Biological Significance. Cancers (Basel). 11(11):1789-1798. doi: 10.3390/cancers11111789. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Mohammed, H. M, Otobotekere, H. D, Anyanwu, D. I, (2007). Impact assessment and biodiversity considerations in Nigeria: A case study of Niger Delta University campus project on wildlife in Nun River Forest Reserve, Management of Environmental Quality an International Journal 18(2):179-197, DOI: 10.1108/14777830710725849 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Nithiku, N, (2010). Material inspiration: From practice-led research to craft art education, Craft Research, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 63 – 84, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1386/crre.1.63_1 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Ogbodo J. A., Okeke F. I., Moka E. C., Uzodinma V. N. and Odey P.O. (2023). Estimation of emissions from tropical deforestation scenarios in Anambra State using the global forest watch remote sensing tool. Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife & Environment, 15(4): 52 – 62 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Omojola, A. D, Akpochafor, M. O, Adeneye, S. O, Agboje, A. A, Akala, I. O, (2021). Shielding assessment in three diagnostic X-ray facilities in Asaba, South-South Nigeria: how compliant are we to radiation safety? The South African Radiographer, volume 59 number 1, [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Omoruyi, C.I., Oyem, I.M. & Odagwe, A.A, (2023). Ionizing Radiations and Cancers, African Journal of Health, Safety and Environment, 4(1): 132-140, DOI: 10.52417/ajhse.v4i1.442 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Ononugbo, C and Anekwe, U, (2020). Background Gamma Radiation in Nigerian Market Environment, American Journal of Environmental Sciences 16 (3): 48 - 54, DOI: 10.3844/ajessp.2020.48.5 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Rafique, M., Saeed, U. R.., Mohammed, B., Wajid, A., Iftikhar, A., Kharsheed, A. L. and Khalil, A. M. (2014). Evaluation of excess lifetime cancer risk from gamma dose rates in Jhelum valley. J. Radiat. Res. ApplSci.7(1): 29-35 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Tabrah, F.L, (2010). Human injury from atomic particles and photon exposure: fears, myths, risks, and mortality. Hawaii Med J. Apr;69(4):93-8. PMID: 20481234; PMCID: PMC3111661. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Tuan, H.T., Vinh, V.Q., Anh, T.V., Hai, T.T., Phu, T.Q., & Dung, T.T. (2023). Flap application in reconstructive surgery to manage severe radiation-induced ulcers: a case series. Wounds: a compendium of clinical research and practice, 35 1, E7-E13. DOI:10.25270/wnds/21090 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. UNSCEAR, (2000). Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation. New York: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. United Nations. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. UNSCEAR, (2008). Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation. United Nations Scientific Committee on Effects of Atomic Radiation, (UNSCEAR) Report to The General Assembly, New York, United Nations [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. WHO, (2018). World Health Organization Data on Life Expectancy in Nigeria [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

27. Worden, R. H, & Burley, S. D, (2009). Sandstone Diagenesis: The Evolution of Sand to Stone, In book: Sandstone Diagenesis: Recent and Ancient Chapter: 1, DOI: 10.1002/9781444304459.ch [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles

© 2026 IJLTEMAS · RSIS International. All rights reserved. ISSN 2278-2540.