A Review Paper on Smart Helmet for Air Quality and Hazardous Event Detection for the Mining Industry

Abstract: A smart helmet has been developed that can recognize hazardous conditions in the mining sector. When constructing the helmet, consideration was given to the three main types of hazards: air quality, helmet removal, and collision (miners are hit by an object).

The first is the degree of concentration of dangerous gases like particulate matter, CO, SO2, and NO2. The second risky incidence was a miner removing their mining helmet. The attempted development of an infrared sensor led to the successful usage of an off-the-shelf infrared sensor to detect when the miner's helmet is on his head. According to the Head Injury Criteria (HIC), the third risky occurrence occurs when miners are struck in the head by an object with a force greater than 1000. An accelerometer was used to measure the head's acceleration, and software was used to calculate the HIC. The layout of the visualization program was completed, but it was not executed properly. The calibration tests of the accelerometer were successfully finished. Among the PCBs made were a prototype board and a breakout board. The Contiki operating system served as the foundation for the entire software implementation that controlled sensor measurement and a computation using the measured values. The undertaken design, which includes remedies to the problems identified in earlier study, is presented in this publication. 

ZigBee, wireless sensor networks, safety, mining, air quality

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