Extraction and Optimization Process of Cassia Fistula Seed Oil
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Cassia fistula seed oil was extracted using three different methods: cold pressing, oven-assisted extraction, and Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane to evaluate and compare their efficiencies. The oil yield varied significantly across methods, with cold pressing producing the lowest average yield (16.87%), the oven method giving a moderate yield (18.76%), and Soxhlet extraction yielding the highest (28.15%). Optimization of the Soxhlet extraction process was carried out by varying key parameters, including solid-to-solvent ratio (3.63–10.36 g/g), temperature (54.88–80.11°C), and extraction time (1.31–4.60 h), to maximize oil recovery. The extracted oil was further characterized using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to determine its chemical composition and functional groups. The results demonstrate that while Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane provides superior oil yield, other methods may offer advantages in terms of simplicity and environmental considerations, highlighting the importance of selecting appropriate extraction techniques based on intended application.
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