The Big Bang Explosion as An Icequake: A Novel Model for The Origin of The Universe Within A Rotating Tectonic Iceball

Abstract: While the Big Bang theory remains foundational to cosmology, critical questions persist regarding the initial singularity and pre-Bang conditions.

We propose a novel high-energy cosmological mechanism for the origin of the observable universe, modeled as a catastrophic icequake within the crust of a rotating tectonic iceball of cosmological scale, termed Feluc, embedded in a vast, cold medium we refer to as the Old-Water. In this framework, mechanical stress accumulation and sudden fracture in Feluc’s crystalline outer shell release a burst of energy sufficient to initiate sublimation, dissociation, and ionization of H₂O ice, giving rise to a rapidly expanding, rotating plasma cloud: the nascent B-universe. The model preserves energy conservation by linking cosmic expansion to ongoing progressive sublimation of the Last Scattering Surface (LSS), the spherical icy boundary of Feluc's cavity preserving the B-universe.

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is recast as thermal radiation emitted from the LSS. Observed temperature anisotropies in the CMB are interpreted as projections of density variations within Feluc’s crust, offering a physically grounded mechanism for primordial fluctuations.

By bridging glaciology, thermodynamics, and high-energy astrophysics, the model generates testable predictions that both challenge conventional cosmological theories and provide innovative solutions to persistent cosmological problems, while establishing new observational constraints for probing the universe's formation through verifiable physical mechanisms rather than abstract mathematical singularities.

The unification of planetary-scale physics with high-energy astrophysical phenomena creates a robust, observationally constrained alternative to traditional creation paradigms.

high-energy icequake, tectonics, ices, Cosmic background radiation, non-singular Big Bang, Planetary Physics

1. Arasa, C.; Andersson, S.; Cuppen, H. M.; van Dishoeck, E. F.; Kroes, G J. (2010). Molecular dynamics simulations of the ice temperature, dependence of water ice photodesorption. J. Chem. Phys. 132, 184510. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Benedikter, A., Matar, J., Nagai, M., Otto, T., Hussmann, H., et al. (2024). A fractionated radar sounder concept for subsurface exploration of Saturn’s icy moon Enceladus. In EUSAR 2024; 15th European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (pp. 1334-1339). VDE.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Blankenship, D. D.; Moussessian, A.; Chapin, E.; Young, D. A.; Wesley Patterson, G.; Plaut, J. J.; et al. (2024). Radar for Europa assessment and sounding: ocean to near-surface (REASON). Space science reviews, 220(5), 51 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Bruzzone, L.; Plaut, J.; Alberti, G.; Blankenship, D.D.; Bovolo, F.; Campbell, et al. (2015), The Radar for Icy Moon Exploration (RIME) on the JUICE Mission. In Proceedings of the AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts, San Francisco, CA, USA, 14–18 December 2015, p. P53G-01 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Campbell, B. A. ; Morgan, G. A.; & Sánchez‐Cano, B. (2024). SHARAD mapping of Mars dayside ionosphere patterns: Relationship to regional geology and the magnetic field. Geophysical Research Letters, 51(4), e2023GL105758.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Christie, J. K.; Guthrie, M., Tulk, C. A., Benmore, C. J., Klug, D. D., Taraskin, S. N., & Elliott, S. R. (2005). Modeling the atomic structure of very high density amorphous ice. Phys. Rev. B. 72, 012201 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Clements, D. L. (2017). An introduction to the Planck mission. Contemporary Physics, 58(4), 331-348 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Connerney, J.E.P.; Adriani, A.; Allegrini, F.; Bagenal, F., Bolton, S.J.; et al. (2017). Jupiter's magnetosphere and aurorae observed by the Juno spacecraft during its first polar orbits. Science 356:826–32 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Eriksen, H. K.; Hansen, F. K.; Banday, A. J.; Górski, K. M.; & Lilje, P. B. (2004). Asymmetries in the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropy field. The Astrophysical Journal, 605(1), 14.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Evans, L. G.; Peplowski, P. N.; Rhodes, E. A.; Lawrence, D. J.; McCoy, T. J.; Nittler, L. R.; et al. (2012). Major‐element abundances on the surface of Mercury: Results from the MESSENGER Gamma‐Ray Spectrometer. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 117(E12) [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Filacchione, G. I. A. N. R. I. C. O. ; De Sanctis, M. C.; Capaccioni, F. A. B. R. I. Z. I. O. ; Raponi, A. ; Tosi, F. ; Ciarniello, M. ; et al. (2016). Exposed water ice on the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. Nature, 529(7586), 368-372.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Fougere, N.; Altwegg, K.; Berthelier, J. J.; Bieler, A., Bockelee-Morvan, D.; et al. (2016). Three-dimensional direct simulation Monte-Carlo modeling of the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko observed by the VIRTIS and ROSINA instruments on board Rosetta. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 588, A134.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Fraser, H. J.; Collings, M. P.; McCoustra, M. R.; & Williams, D. A. (2001). Thermal desorption of water ice in the interstellar medium. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 327(4), 1165-1172.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Gladstone, GR; Persyn, SC; Eterno, JS; Walther, BC; Slater, DC; et al. (2017). The ultraviolet spectrograph on NASA's Juno mission. Space Sci. Rev. 213:447–73 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Goddi, C.; Marti-Vidal, I.; Messias, H.; Crew, G. B.; Herrero-Illana, R.; Impellizzeri, V.; et al. (2019). Calibration of ALMA as a phased array. ALMA observations during the 2017 VLBI campaign. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 131(1001), 075003. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Gupta, R. P. (2023). JWST early Universe observations and ΛCDM cosmology. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 524(3), 3385-3395 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Hayne, P. O. ; Aharonson, O. ; & Schörghofer, N. (2021). Micro cold traps on the Moon. Nature Astronomy, 5(2), 169-175.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Herbst, E. & Van Dishoeck, E. F. (2009). Complex organic interstellar molecules. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 47(1), 427-480.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Holmstrom, M. ; Voshchepynets, A.; Barabash, S. ; Mata, S. R. ; Sánchez-Cano, B. ; Lester, M. ; et al. (2025). Mars Express investigations of the Martian ionosphere using ASPERA-3 and new MARSIS fixed frequency modes. Advances in Space Research. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Hylan, J. E.; Bolcar, M. R.; Crooke, J.; Bronke, G.; Collins, C.; Corsetti, J.; et al. (2019, March). The large uv/optical/lnfrared surveyor (luvoir): Decadal mission concept study update. In 2019 IEEE Aerospace Conference (pp. 1-15). IEEE.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Jarosik, N.; Bennett, C. L.; Dunkley, J.; Gold, B.; Greason, M. R.; Halpern, M.; et al. (2011). Seven-year wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe (WMAP*) observations: Sky maps, systematic errors, and basic results. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 192(2), 14. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Jenniskens, P., Blake, D. F., Wilson, M. A., & Pohorille, A. (1995). High-density amorphous ice, the frost on interstellar grains. The Astrophysical Journal, 455(NAS 1.15: 207251).‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Kallel-Jallouli, S. (2021a), The mystery of time I. A new model to solve the enigma of Dark Matter, Internationl Kindle, Independent Publishing Platform, ISBN-13: 979-8514538751 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. Kallel-Jallouli, S. (2021b), The mystery of time: A New Solution for Dark Matter and a Better Understanding of Quantum Mechanics. J Pur Appl Math, 5(4): 32-37 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. Kallel-Jallouli, S. (2021c), A New Solution for Dark Matter and a Better Understanding of Quantum Mechanics. J. Phys. Math. Vol.12, N. 8 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. Kallel-Jallouli, S. (2021d). A new Geometrical Model to solve the Puzzle of Time and understand the mystery of Dark Matter and the magic of Quantum Mechanics., 5th Conference on Mathematical Science and Applications, KAUST, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22841.95843 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

27. S. Kallel-Jallouli, (2023), Time Dark Matter geometrical model and Newton's law recovery, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science. Vo. IX, issue III, p. 406-410. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

28. S. Kallel-Jallouli, (2024a), A new geometrical time model to explain the discrepancy between theoretical and measured velocities, ResearchGate DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.18508.39048 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

29. Kallel-Jallouli, S. (2024b), No more twin paradox, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science. Vo. IX, issue III, p. 77-88. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

30. Kallel-Jallouli, S. (2024c). Keplerian Motion Inside an Isolated Dark Matter Halo and the Hubble’s Law. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, 11(9), 1225-1235.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

31. Kallel-Jallouli, S. (2024d). Phase Shift of the Keplerian Orbits inside Dark Matter Halos. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, 11(11), 500-517.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

32. Lawrence, D. J.; Feldman, W. C.; Goldsten, J. O.; Maurice, S.; Peplowski, P. N.; Anderson, B. J.; et al. (2013). Evidence for water ice near Mercury’s north pole from MESSENGER Neutron Spectrometer measurements. Science, 339(6117), 292-296.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

33. Levy, H. (1971). Normal atmosphere: Large radical and formaldehyde concentrations predicted. Science, 173(3992), 141-143.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

34. Lippi, M.; Vander Donckt, M.; Faggi, S.; Moulane, Y.; Mumma, M. J.; Villanueva, G. L.; & Jehin, E. (2023). The volatile composition of C/2021 A1 (Leonard): Comparison between infrared and UV-optical measurements. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 676, A105.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

35. Loerting, T.; Schustereder, W.; Winkel, K.; Salzmann, C. G.; Kohl, I.; & Mayer, E. (2006). Amorphous ice: Stepwise formation of very-high-density amorphous ice from low-density amorphous ice at 125 K. Physical review letters, 96(2), 025702.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

36. Martoňák, R.; Donadio, D.; & Parrinello, M. (2005). Evolution of the structure of amorphous ice: From low-density amorphous through high-density amorphous to very high-density amorphous ice. The Journal of chemical physics, 122(13), 134501 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

37. McClure, S. M. (2006). Transport mechanisms in nanoscale amorphous solid water films. The University of Texas at Austin.‏ PhD thesis. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

38. Migliorini, A.; Piccioni, G. I. U. S. E. P. P. E.; Capaccioni, F. A. B. R. I. Z. I. O.; Filacchione, G. I. A. N. R. I. C. O.; Bockelée-Morvan, D.; et al. (2016). Water and carbon dioxide distribution in the 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko coma from VIRTIS-M infrared observations. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 589, A45.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

39. Miles, J.; Idso, S. B.; McKibben, B.; Fishman, J.; & Kalish, R. (1990). Global Alert. The Ozone Pollution Crisis. Journal of Applied Ecology, 27(3), 1093.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

40. Monks, P. S. (2005). Gas-phase radical chemistry in the troposphere. Chemical Society Reviews, 34(5), 376-395.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

41. Muller, R. A. (1978). The cosmic background radiation and the new aether drift. Scientific American, 238(5), 64-80.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

42. Newberg, H. J.; Yanny, B.; Rockosi, C.; Grebel, E. K.; Rix, H. W.; Brinkmann, J.; et al. (2002). The ghost of Sagittarius and lumps in the halo of the Milky Way. The Astrophysical Journal, 569(1), 245.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

43. Paganini, L.; Villanueva, G. L.; Roth, L.; Mandell, A. M.; Hurford, T. A.; Retherford, K. D.; & Mumma, M. J. (2020). A measurement of water vapour amid a largely quiescent environment on Europa. Nature Astronomy, 4(3), 266-272.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

44. Poole, P. H.; Essmann, U.; Sciortino, F.; & Stanley, H. E. (1993). Phase diagram for amorphous solid water. Physical Review E, 48(6), 4605.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

45. Porco, C. C.; Helfenstein, P.; Thomas, P. C.; Ingersoll, A. P.; Wisdom, J.; West, R.; et al. (2006). Cassini observes the active south pole of Enceladus. science, 311(5766), 1393-1401 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

46. Praveen, T. K., & Velumurgan, A. (2000). PHASE PROPERTIES AND TYPE OF EARTH'S WATER ICE AND SPACE ICES. Icarus, 144, 210-242.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

47. Putzig, N. E.;, Seu, R.; Morgan, G. A.; Smith, I. B.; Campbell, B. A.; Perry, M. R.; & Mastrogiuseppe, M. (2024). Science results from sixteen years of MRO SHARAD operations. Icarus, 419, 115715 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

48. Reedy, R. C. (1978). Planetary gamma-ray spectroscopy (No. LA-UR-78-1211; CONF-780314-3). Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States) [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

49. Schmitt, B.; Quirico, E.; Trotta, F.; & Grundy, W. M. (1998). Optical properties of ices from UV to infrared. In Solar System Ices: Based on Reviews Presented at the International Symposium “Solar System Ices” held in Toulouse, France, on March 27–30, 1995 (pp. 199-240). Springer Netherlands.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

50. Seaton, K. M.; Cable, M. L.; & Stockton, A. M. (2022). Analytical chemistry throughout this solar system. Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry, 15(1), 197-219 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

51. Secrest, N. J.; von Hausegger, S.; Rameez, M.; Mohayaee, R.; Sarkar, S.; & Colin, J. (2021). A test of the cosmological principle with quasars. The Astrophysical journal letters, 908(2), L51.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

52. Seinfeld, J. H., & Pandis, S. N. (2016). Atmospheric chemistry and physics: from air pollution to climate change. John Wiley & Sons.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

53. Silk, J. (1994). A short history of the universe. New York. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

54. Smoot, G. F.; Bennett, C. L.; Kogut, A.; Wright, E. L.; Aymon, J.; Boggess, N. W.; et al. (1992). Structure in the COBE differential microwave radiometer first-year maps. Astrophysical Journal, Part 2-Letters (ISSN 0004-637X), vol. 396, no. 1, Sept. 1, 1992, p. L1-L5. Research supported by NASA [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

55. Sori, M. M. ; Bapst, J.; Becerra, P.; & Byrne, S. (2019). Islands of ice on Mars and Pluto. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 124(10), 2522-2542.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

56. Turner, M. S. (1991). Tilted Universe and other remnants of the preinflationary Universe. Physical Review D, 44(12), 3737.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

57. Vasavada, A. R.; Paige, D. A.; & Wood, S. E. (1999). Near-surface temperatures on Mercury and the Moon and the stability of polar ice deposits. Icarus, 141(2), 179-193. https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.1999.6175 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

58. VandenBerg, D. A. (2000). Models for Old, Metal-Poor Stars with Enhanced α-Element Abundances. II. Their Implications for the Ages of the Galaxy’s Globular Clusters and Field Halo Stars. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 129(1), 315. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

59. Warren, S. G. (2019). Optical properties of ice and snow. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 377(2146), 20180161‏. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2018.0161 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

60. Winkel, K.; Mayer, E.; & Loerting, T. (2011). Equilibrated high-density amorphous ice and its first-order transition to the low-density form. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 115(48), 14141-14148.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

61. Yoshimura, Y.; Mao, H. K.; & Hemley, R. J. (2006a). Direct transformation of ice VII′ to low-density amorphous ice. Chemical physics letters, 420(4-6), 503-506. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

62. Yoshimura, Y.; Stewart, S. T.; Somayazulu, M.; Mao, H. K.; & Hemley, R. J. (2006b). High-pressure x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy of ice VIII. The Journal of chemical physics, 124(2).‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

63. Yoshimura, Y.; Stewart, S. T.; Mao, H. K.; & Hemley, R. J. (2007). In situ Raman spectroscopy of low-temperature/high-pressure transformations of H2O. The Journal of chemical physics, 126(17), 174505.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

64. Yoshimura, Y.; Stewart, S. T.; Somayazulu, M.; Mao, H. K.; & Hemley, R. J. (2011). Convergent Raman features in high density amorphous ice, ice VII, and ice VIII under pressure. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 115(14), 3756-3760.‏ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

• Exploring the Concept of Generative Artificial Intelligence: A Narrative Review
• Design, Development, and Evaluation of a Critiquing-Based Mobile-Web Employment Recommender System
• Integrating Bhagavad Gita Principles with Modern Supply Chain Management: A Framework for Ethical and Resilient Operations
• Soilless Indoor Farming: A Systematic Review of Iot-Based Monitoring Systems and Physiochemical Characterization Methods for Lactuca Sativa
• Financial Awareness: A Survey of Students in Bhopal