Microcontroller – Based Automatic Railway Crossing Control and Track Obstacle Monitoring System
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract: In many countries, a significant number of accidents occur at unmanned level crossings, where the lacks of human supervision and obstacles on the tracks have become serious daily concerns. Traditionally, railway gates are operated manually by gatekeepers. This paper proposes replacing manual operations with an automated railway gate system utilising Arduino, Sensors, Servo Motors, Buzzers and GSM modules to eliminate human intervention and reduce accident risk. The system detects trains and track objects using sensors positioned alongside the tracks. When a train approaches, the gate closes automatically and the system issues alerts to prevent accidents. Once the train departs, the gate reopens. Compared to manual operation, the automated gates are closed for a shorter duration. Obstacle detection is achieved in two ways: sensors at the front of the train sense objects on the track, and detected obstacles are communicated to nearby railway stations via GSM technology. The system employs infrared sensors to monitor train arrival and departure, ultrasonic sensors for obstacle detection, and Arduino to manage gate operation and messaging. The automated approach improves safety, efficiency and reliability at rail crossings.
Downloads
References
R. Gopinathan and B. Siva Shankar, “PLC based railway level crossing gate control”, International Journal of Emerging Technology in Computer Science & Electronics (IJETCSE). ISSN: 0976-1353 Volume 8 Issue 1 – April 2014.
Pradeep Raj, “Increasing accidents in the unmanned level crossing of the railways”, 2012
Xishi Wang, Ning Bin, and Cheng Yinhang, “A new microprocessor based approach to an automatic control system. “International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, PP.842-843, 1992
Jeong Y., Choon-Sung Nam, Hee-Jin Jeong, and Dong Shin, “Train Auto Control System based on “OSGI”, International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology, PP.276-279, 2008.
Sangita N.Guja, Jagruti R. Panchal, Lalita K.Wani, “Improving safety with obstacle detection and track following car using sensor, GPS and GSM”, International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology. www.arduino.cc/reference
Karthik, Krishnamurthy, Monica Bobby, Vidya V, “Sensor based automatic control of railway gates”, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology.
KSCSE, KSCSE library: “Railway track monitoring system”, project report.
Ministry of Railways, Government of India, “Yearly report on accidents at unmanned railway crossings”, 2022 [Online], Available: https://indianrailways.gov.in/
J. Banuchandar et al., “Automated unmanned railway level crossing system”, Int.J. Mod. Eng. Res., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 458 – 469, 2012.
A. Waghware, H. Ghate, G. Maske, and P. Kurzekar, “Automatic railway gate controlling and smart system of railway gate crossing using IoT”, Recent trends Inf. Technol. Appl., vol.3, no.1, pp.48-54, 2020.
P. Sikora et al., “Artificial intelligence-based surveillance system for railway crossing traffic”, IEEE Sens. J., vol.21, no.14, pp.15515-15526, 2021
H. Dong, B. Ning, B. Cai, and Z. Hou, “Automatic train control system development and simulation for high-speed railways”, IEEE Circuits Syst. Mag., vol.10, no.2, pp.6-18, 2010.
S. Mahmud, I. R. Emon, and M. M. Billah, “Automated railway gate controlling system”, Int.J. Comput. Trends Technol., vol.27, no.1, pp.1-4, 2015.
G. Ashok et.al., “Automated rail gate control using Arduino”, EPRA Int.J. Res. Dev., vol.7, pp.146-151, 2021
R. S. Rajput and R. M. Patrikar, “Design and development of intelligent railway crossing control system using Arduino and GSM,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 56, pp. 3071–3077, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.11.426.
A. S. Sekhon and S. Singh, “Smart railway crossing gate control system using IoT and cloud,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1706, p. 012157, 2020, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1706/1/012157.
A. Qayyum, M. Usama, and M. I. Khalil, “A low-cost railway crossing safety mechanism using ultrasonic and IR sensors,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Commun. Technol. (ICCT), 2021, pp. 1–5, doi: 10.1109/ICCT52961.2021.9498090.
S. Ravindran, A. S. Bhanu, and A. R. Alagarsamy, “Real-time monitoring and intelligent traffic control system for railway crossings,” Eur. J. Mol. Clin. Med., vol. 7, no. 11, pp.2277–2282, 2020
M. F. Arshad and H. Bin Zia, “A vision-based system for unmanned level crossing monitoring using machine learning,” Sensors, vol. 21, no. 12, p. 4173, 2021, doi: 10.3390/s21124173.
R. K. Raut, R. S. Pawar, and M. S. Joshi, “Smart railway level crossing system using wireless communication and sensors,” Int. Res. J. Eng. Technol. (IRJET), vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 3489 3493, 2020.
R. Mahmud and A. Sarker, “RFID-based intelligent railway gate control system,” Int. J. Sci. Eng. Res., vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 132–136, Jun. 2018.
M. Khan, H. Singh, and A. K. Rathore, “Automated railway gate system using GSM and microcontroller,” Int. J. Recent Trends Eng. Technol., vol.30, no.1, pp.15–18, 2019
S. Biswas and P. Pal, “Smart vision-based railway crossing surveillance and alert system,” Int. J. Emerg. Technol. Adv. Eng., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 42–46, May 2020.
A. K. Dewangan, M. Gupta, and P. Patel, “Automation of railway gate control using micro-controller,” Int. J. Eng. Res. Technol., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2012.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All articles published in our journal are licensed under CC-BY 4.0, which permits authors to retain copyright of their work. This license allows for unrestricted use, sharing, and reproduction of the articles, provided that proper credit is given to the original authors and the source.