Modeling and Simulation of Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) for Power Quality Improvement in Smart Grids

Abstract—In modern smart grids, maintaining high power quality is essential for ensuring efficient, reliable, and stable operation of electrical systems. The proliferation of nonlinear and sensitive loads has increased issues such as voltage sag, swell, harmonics, and reactive power imbalance, which adversely affect overall power performance. This paper presents a detailed modeling and simulation study of a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) designed to mitigate power quality problems in smart grid environments. The UPQC integrates both series and shunt active power filters within a single framework to simultaneously compensate for voltage and current-related disturbances. The system is modeled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink to evaluate its dynamic response under various operating conditions, including load variations and fault disturbances. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed UPQC effectively mitigates harmonics, restores voltage profiles, and maintains unity power factor, thereby improving overall system performance and reliability. The findings validate the UPQC as a robust and efficient solution for enhancing power quality in next-generation smart grids.

Quality Improvement, Smart Grid, Harmonic Mitigation, MATLAB/Simulink, Voltage Sag and Swell Compensation, Reactive Power Compensation, Series and Shunt Active Power Filters

1. S. Sahoo, S. C. Swain, R. Dash, S. Roy and G. Dei, "Power Quality Analysis in Microgrid Using Unified Power Quality Conditioner and Particle Swarm Optimization," 2024 IEEE 1st International Conference on Green Industrial Electronics and Sustainable Technologies (GIEST), Imphal, India, 2024, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/GIEST62955.2024.10959900. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. P. Kumar and S. Kaur, "Intelligent Solutions for Power Quality Improvement in Smart Renewable Distributed Generation Networks," 2025 International Conference on Smart & Sustainable Technology (INCSST), Chikodi, India, 2025, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/INCSST64791.2025.11210344. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Vikas, R. P. Daund, D. Kumar, P. Charan, R. S. K. Ingilela and R. Rastogi, "Intrusion Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks using Hybrid Deep Belief Networks and Harris Hawks Optimizer," 2023 4th International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC), Coimbatore, India, 2023, pp. 1631-1636, doi: 10.1109/ICESC57686.2023.10193270. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. S. Piklom, P. Santiprapan and K. Areerak, "Reference Signal Generation for a Unified Power Quality Conditioner in Urban Passenger Heavy Rail Electrification System," 2025 13th International Electrical Engineering Congress (iEECON), Hua Hin, Thailand, 2025, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/iEECON64081.2025.10987752. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. V. Sharma and S. Kumar, "Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Enhance the Security and Privacy of Data in Smart Cities," 2023 3rd International Conference on Advance Computing and Innovative Technologies in Engineering (ICACITE), Greater Noida, India, 2023, pp. 596-599, doi: 10.1109/ICACITE57410.2023.10182455. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. S. Behera, Gayatri, B. S. Barar and D. Sharma, "Optimizing Power Quality varify on UPQC and Soft Computing Approaches," 2024 IEEE 1st International Conference on Green Industrial Electronics and Sustainable Technologies (GIEST), Imphal, India, 2024, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/GIEST62955.2024.10960020. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. D. Singh, K. Choksi, S. Singh and F. Luo, "Battery-Assisted Unified Power Quality Conditioner for Power Quality Improvement in Tidal-Driven Seaport Microgrids," 2025 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium (ESTS), Alexandria, VA, USA, 2025, pp. 436-443, doi: 10.1109/ESTS62818.2025.11152476. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. A Comprehensive Analysis of Security Mechanisms and Threat Characterization in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks”, IJLTEMAS, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 732–737, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.51583/IJLTEMAS.2025.140500079. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Optimization of Graph Neural Networks for Real-Time Intrusion Detection in Dynamic Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks”, Int. J. Environ. Sci., vol. 11, no. 11s, pp. 740–748, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.64252/79452g17. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. W. Ahamd and I. Ullah, "Unified Power Quality Conditioner Based Power Quality Improvement in Micro-Grid," 2025 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC), College Station, TX, USA, 2025, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/TPEC63981.2025.10906828. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. B. G. Lukka, M. R. Kotapuri and T. R. S. Reddy, "Intelligent Power Quality Improvement in Renewable Energy Microgrids using ANFIS-based UPQC," 2025 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Computing and Data Communication Systems (ICSCDS), Erode, India, 2025, pp. 1780-1785, doi: 10.1109/ICSCDS65426.2025.11166942. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. S. Farook, Y.N.Vijayakumar, S.Sridhar, B. V. S. Thrinath, M. Manohara and M. Venkatesh, "A Synchronized Unified Power Quality Conditioner For Hybrid Energy Storage Power Management," 2025 International Conference on Computing Technologies (ICOCT), Bengaluru, India, 2025, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/ICOCT64433.2025.11118435. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. G. K. Jabash Samuel, A. Pathak, V. A. Asha, K. Vijayakumar, M. Nabeela and S. Sivarajan, "Innovative Neural Network Control for Unified Power Quality Conditioner in Photovoltaic Systems Enhancing Grid Stability and Energy Efficiency," 2025 8th International Conference on Circuit, Power & Computing Technologies (ICCPCT), Kollam, India, 2025, pp. 1557-1562, doi: 10.1109/ICCPCT65132.2025.11176742. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

• Decision Tree and Automatic Linear Modeling Approaches to Predict Body Weight in Indigenous Sabi Sheep and Matebele Goat Females of Zimbabwe
• Microcontroller – Based Automatic Railway Crossing Control and Track Obstacle Monitoring System
• Modelling the Role of Absorptive Capacity in Foreign Direct Investment - Economic Growth Nexus: A Focus on South Africa’s Manufacturing Sector
• AI-Powered Wristband for Accurate BAC Monitoring Using Smart Data Fusion
• Climate Change Impacts on Different Regions