Ultrasonic Glasses for the Blind

Ultrasonic Glasses for the Blind is a real-time wearable assistive system developed to improve the mobility and safety of visually impaired individuals through intelligent obstacle detection and voice-based navigation assistance. The system integrates an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, Arduino Nano microcontroller, and ISD1820 voice module to continuously monitor surrounding obstacles and provide immediate audio alerts. Distance measurement is performed using ultrasonic echo-time calculation and processed using predefined threshold logic for real-time obstacle identification.

The complete prototype is mounted on a lightweight spectacle frame and powered by a rechargeable lithium battery, ensuring portability and continuous operation for daily use. Experimental evaluation demonstrated an obstacle detection accuracy of 97%, an average response time of 150 ms, and an effective detection range of 2 cm to 400 cm, with continuous battery backup of 5 hours. The total implementation cost of approximately ₹1500 makes the proposed system affordable and accessible for practical deployment.

Compared to conventional buzzer-based assistive devices, the proposed voice-alert mechanism offers clearer and more intuitive user guidance, improving usability and response efficiency. The experimental results confirm that the system provides a reliable, low-cost, and efficient embedded assistive technology solution that significantly enhances independent mobility and safety for visually impaired users.

Ultrasonic Sensor, Arduino Nano, Assistive Technology, Embedded Systems, Obstacle Detection, Voice Module, Wearable Device, Blind Navigation

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